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. 2022 Mar 23;13:826792. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.826792

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Copyright © 2022 Zhai, Liu, Tong, Yu, Yang, Gu and Niu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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EMPA treatment during pregnancy limited postpartum glomerular podocyte damage in response to ADR in AT1-AA-injected maternal mice. (A) Representative pictures of WT1-positive podocytes (red) and synaptopodin (green) in mouse glomeruli after ADR injection. Sections were counterstained for DNA (blue). Scale bar: 20 μm. (B) Representative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs of glomeruli from ADR-stimulated postpartum mouse kidneys reveal podocyte ultrastructure changes; podocyte foot processes are indicated by arrowheads. Scale bar: 2 μm. (C) Quantification of WT-1-positive cells/glomerulus (n = 3) and (D) synaptopodin expression (n = 3) in mouse glomeruli after ADR injection. (E) Quantitative podocyte foot process width (n = 3). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by ANOVA with LSD post hoc test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.