Table 3.
Overall diagnostic accuracy for determining malignancy [% (95%CI)]
|
|
EUS alone (n = 47)
|
EUS + FNA/CE/ Cystoscopy (n = 28)
|
EUS + mFB (n = 36)
|
EUS + nCLE (n = 44)
|
EUS + nCLE + mFB (n = 26)
|
| Sensitivity | 7/7; 100.0% (59.3-100.0) | 10/11; 90.9% (58.7-99.8) | 7/8; 87.5% (47.3-99.7) | 8/9; 88.8%; (51.8-99.7) | 7/7; 100.0% (59.0-100.0) |
| Specificity | 1/40; 2.5% (0.1-13.2) | 8/17; 47.1% (22.9-72.3) | 23/28; 82.1% (63.1-93.9) | 30/35; 85.7% (69.7-95.2) | 17/19; 89.4% (66.9-98.7) |
| PPV | 7/46; 15.2% (6.3-28.9) | 10/19; 52.6% (28.9-75.6) | 7/12; 58.3% (27.7-84.8) | 8/13; 61.5% (31.6-86.1) | 7/9; 77.8% (40.0-97.1) |
| NPV | 1/1; 100.0% (2.5-100.0) | 8/9; 88.9% (51.8-99.7) | 23/24; 95.8% (78.9-99.8) | 30/31; 97% (83-100) | 17/17; 100.0% (80.5-100.0) |
| PLR | 1.03 (0.98-1.08) | 1.72 (1.06-2.79) | 4.90 (2.12-11.31) | 6.22 (2.68-14.47) | 9.50 (2.56-35.24) |
| NLR | n/a | 0.19 (0.03-1.34) | 0.15 (0.02-0.96) | 0.13 (0.02-0.83) | n/a |
| Observed agreement | 8/47 (17%); P = 0.672a | 18/28 (64.3%); P = 0.049a | 30/36 (83.3%); P < 0.001a | 38/44 (86.4%); P < 0.001a | 24/26 (92.3%); P < 0.001a |
| MCC | + 0.06 | + 0.40 | + 0.61 | + 0.66 | + 0.83 |
| AU-ROC | 51.3%; P = 0.359b | 69.0%; P = 0.02b | 84.8%; P < 0.001b | 87.3%; P < 0.001b | 94.7%; P < 0.001b |
a
Fisher's exact test for count data.
b
Mann–Whitney U test.
EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; nCLE: Confocal laser endomicroscopy; mFB: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided through-the-needle direct intracystic micro forceps biopsy; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value; PLR: Positive likelihood ratio; NLR: Negative likelihood ratio; MCC: Matthews correlation coefficient; AU-ROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristics curve; n/a: Not available.