Table 1. Basic characteristics, intervention measures, and outcome indicators of the included studies.
| Author | Year of publication | Procedure type | Mean age (years) | Population (E/C) | Experimental group | Hypnosis time (min) | Control group | Outcome indicators | Jadad Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amraoui et al. (10) | 2018 | Tumorectomy or quadrantectomy | 57 (33–79) | 77/73 | Short session before anesthesia induction | 6 (2–15) | Standard care | (a)(b)(c)(d)(e)(f)(g)(h)(i)(j) | 3 |
| Berlière et al. (11) | 2018 | Lumpectomy or mastectomy | 58 | 150/150 | Session before anesthesia induction | N/A | Standard care | (e)(f)(g) | 2 |
| Berliere et al. (12) | 2021 | Oncologic surgery | 53 | 31/32 | Session before anesthesia induction | 20 | Standard care | (a) | 2 |
| Lang et al. (13) | 2000 | Breast biopsy | 57 (18–92) | 82/79 | Self-hypnotic relaxation exercise | N/A | Standard care | (a)(b)(e)(g) | 3 |
| Butler et al. (14) | 2009 | Breast biopsy | 53.1 (30–80) | 63/61 | Self-relaxation hypnotic exercise | N/A | Standard care | (a)(b)(e) | 2 |
| Montgomery et al. (15) | 2010 | Breast cancer surgery | 48.5 | 100/100 | Short session before anesthesia induction | 15 | Standard care | (a)(b)(c) | 2 |
| Schnur et al. (16) | 2008 | Excisional breast biopsy | 45.0 | 49/41 | 15-minute pre-surgery hypnosis session | 15 | Standard care | (a)(e) | 3 |
| Lang et al. (17) | 2006 | Breast biopsy | 50 (18–82) | 78/76 | Self-hypnotic relaxation exercise | N/A | Standard care | (a)(e) | 3 |
Outcome indicators: (a) VAS postsurgical pain; (b) postsurgical nausea/vomiting; (c) fatigue; (d) comfort/well-being; (e) anxiety; (f) PACU length of stay; (g) operative time; (h) use and dose of antiemetics; (i) analgesic consumption; (j) satisfaction. E represents experimental group, C represents control group. VAS, visual Analog scale; PACU, post anesthesia care unit; N/A, not applicable.