Table 1.
Socio-economic profile of older adults in India, 2017–18
| Background characteristics | Rural | Urban | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample | Percentage | Sample | Percentage | |
| Individual characteristics | ||||
| Age | ||||
| Young-old | 12,139 | 58.6 | 6268 | 58.4 |
| Old-old | 6169 | 29.8 | 3354 | 31.2 |
| Oldest-old | 2417 | 11.7 | 1117 | 10.4 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 10,045 | 48.5 | 4835 | 45.0 |
| Female | 10,680 | 51.5 | 5904 | 55.0 |
| Education | ||||
| Not educated/primary not completed | 15,986 | 77.1 | 4937 | 46.0 |
| Primary | 2069 | 10.0 | 1511 | 14.1 |
| Secondary | 1988 | 9.6 | 2598 | 24.2 |
| Higher | 682 | 3.3 | 1693 | 15.8 |
| Working status | ||||
| Working | 7341 | 35.4 | 2106 | 19.6 |
| Retired/currently not working | 8774 | 42.3 | 4719 | 43.9 |
| Never worked | 4610 | 22.2 | 3913 | 36.4 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Currently married | 13,017 | 62.8 | 6315 | 58.8 |
| Widowed | 7280 | 35.1 | 4162 | 38.8 |
| Others | 427 | 2.1 | 262 | 2.4 |
| Living arrangement | ||||
| Living alone | 1311 | 6.3 | 444 | 4.1 |
| Living with spouse | 4455 | 21.5 | 1883 | 17.5 |
| Living with children and spouse | 13,708 | 66.1 | 7873 | 73.3 |
| Living with others. | 1251 | 6.0 | 539 | 5.0 |
| Social participation | ||||
| No | 19,844 | 95.8 | 10,197 | 95.0 |
| Yes | 881 | 4.3 | 542 | 5.1 |
| Physical activity | ||||
| Frequent | 3980 | 19.2 | 1610 | 15.0 |
| Rarely | 3101 | 15.0 | 813 | 7.6 |
| Never | 13,644 | 65.8 | 8317 | 77.4 |
| Health-related factors | ||||
| Depression | ||||
| No | 18,271 | 90.4 | 9774 | 93.7 |
| Yes | 1945 | 9.6 | 662 | 6.3 |
| Self-rated health | ||||
| Good | 9969 | 49.1 | 6000 | 57.1 |
| Poor | 10,326 | 50.9 | 4516 | 42.9 |
| Difficulty in ADL | ||||
| No | 15,625 | 75.4 | 8190 | 76.3 |
| Yes | 5100 | 24.6 | 2549 | 23.7 |
| Difficulty in IADL | ||||
| No | 10,015 | 48.3 | 6262 | 58.3 |
| Yes | 10,710 | 51.7 | 4477 | 41.7 |
| Morbidity | ||||
| No morbidity | 10,926 | 52.7 | 3558 | 33.1 |
| 1 | 5840 | 28.2 | 3380 | 31.5 |
| 2+ | 3959 | 19.1 | 3800 | 35.4 |
| Household factors | ||||
| MPCE quintile | ||||
| Poorest | 4446 | 21.5 | 2396 | 22.3 |
| Poorer | 4608 | 22.2 | 2197 | 20.5 |
| Middle | 4375 | 21.1 | 2207 | 20.6 |
| Richer | 3932 | 19.0 | 2117 | 19.7 |
| Richest | 3364 | 16.2 | 1822 | 17.0 |
| Religion | ||||
| Hindu | 17,309 | 83.5 | 8497 | 79.1 |
| Muslim | 2021 | 9.8 | 1604 | 14.9 |
| Christian | 623 | 3.0 | 269 | 2.5 |
| Others | 772 | 3.7 | 369 | 3.4 |
| Caste | ||||
| Scheduled Caste | 4572 | 22.1 | 1220 | 11.4 |
| Scheduled Tribe | 2125 | 10.3 | 325 | 3.0 |
| Other Backward Class | 9213 | 44.5 | 5056 | 47.1 |
| Others | 4815 | 23.2 | 4139 | 38.5 |
| Region | ||||
| North | 2655 | 12.8 | 1293 | 12.0 |
| Central | 4920 | 23.7 | 1533 | 14.3 |
| East | 5678 | 27.4 | 1573 | 14.7 |
| Northeast | 691 | 3.3 | 226 | 2.1 |
| West | 2898 | 14.0 | 2662 | 24.8 |
| South | 3883 | 18.7 | 3451 | 32.1 |
| Total | 20,725 | 100.0 | 10,739 | 100.0 |