Table 2.
Batch‐to‐batch analysis of chemical contaminants and microbiological parameters in the NF
| Parameter (unit) | Batch number | Method of analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | ||
| Mycotoxins | ||||||
| Aflatoxin B1 (µg/kg) | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | 0.619 | < 0.5 | AOAC 999.07 Modified (UHPLC‐MS/MS) |
| Aflatoxin B2 (µg/kg) | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | |
| Aflatoxin G1 (µg/kg) | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | |
| Aflatoxin G2 (µg/kg) | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | |
| Aflatoxin total (B1 + B2 + G1 + G2) (µg/kg) | < 2 | < 2 | < 2 | 2.119 | < 2 | |
| Deoxynivalenol (µg/kg) | < 100 | < 100 | < 100 | < 100 | < 100 | Internal Method (UHPLC‐MS/MS) |
| Fumonisin B1 (µg/kg) | < 25 | < 25 | < 25 | < 25 | < 25 |
Anal. Bioanal. Chem (2012) 402:2675‐2686 (UHPLC‐MS/MS) |
| Fumonisin B2 (µg/kg) | < 25 | < 25 | < 25 | < 25 | < 25 | |
| HT‐2 toxin (µg/kg) | < 100 | < 100 | < 100 | < 100 | < 100 | |
| Ochratoxin A (µg/kg) | 2.17 | < 1 | < 1 | < 1 | < 1 | |
| T‐2 toxin (µg/kg) | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | |
| Zearalenone (µg/kg) | < 30 | < 30 | < 30 | < 30 | < 30 | |
| Heavy metals | ||||||
| Arsenic (mg/kg) | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.02 | ICP‐MS1 |
| Lead (mg/kg) | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.04 | |
| Cadmium (mg/kg) | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.02 | |
| Mercury (mg/kg) | 0.01 | < 0.005 | < 0.005 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |
| Microbiological | ||||||
| Aerobic Plate Count (CFU/g) | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | 290 | AOAC 966.23 |
| Yeast (CFU/g) | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | FDA‐BAM, Ch 18; AOAC 997.02 |
| Mould (CFU/g) | < 10 | < 10 | 200 | < 10 | < 10 | FDA‐BAM, Ch 18; AOAC 997.02 |
| Coliforms (CFU/g) | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | AOAC 991.14 |
|
E. coli (CFU/g) |
< 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | AOAC 991.14 |
| S. aureus (CFU/g) | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | N.A. | AOAC 2003.07 |
| B. cereus (CFU/g) | / | 20 | 10 | < 10 | N.A. | FDA BAM chapter 14 |
| Salmonella spp. (in 25 g) | Not detected | Not detected | Not detected | Not detected | Not detected | AOAC 2016.01 |
| Listeria spp. (in 25 g) | Not detected | Not detected | Not detected | Not detected | Not detected |
AOAC 2004.06 AOAC 2016.07 |
AOAC: Association of Official Analytical Chemists; FDA BAM: FDA's Bacteriological Analytical Manual; N.A: Not available; /: not provided; ICP‐MS: inductively coupled plasma‐mass‐spectrometry; UHPLC‐MS/MS: Ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry; 1: Method reference: J. AOAC (2007) v. 90: 844‐856 (modified).