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. 2022 Mar 9;11(2):206–214. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v11.i2.206

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©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal for prevalence meta-analysis for individual studies (A) and average quality across studies (B). IC: Were the criteria for inclusion in the sample clearly defined? SS: Were the study subjects and the setting described in detail? EX: Was the exposure measured in a valid and reliable way? ME: Were objective, standard criteria used for measurement of the condition? CO: Were confounding factors identified? MC: were strategies to deal with confounding factors stated? OT: Were the outcomes measured in a valid and reliable way? ST: Was appropriate statistical analysis used? High: High bias; No: Low bias; Unclear: Unclear bias; NA: Not applicable.