Comparison 1. All antioxidants versus placebo.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Survival at 12 months (relative risk)	4	586	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.08 [0.97, 1.19]
2 Survival at 12 months (risk difference)	4	586	Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.05 [‐0.02, 0.13]
3 Survival at 12 months (sensitivity analysis)	3	558	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.06 [0.95, 1.17]
4 Survival at 3 months (relative risk)	1	160	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.00 [0.95, 1.05]
5 Survival at 6 months (relative risk)	1	160	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.09 [0.99, 1.21]
6 Survival at 9 months (relative risk)	1	160	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.04 [0.92, 1.19]
7 Survival at 15 months (relative risk)	1	160	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.04 [0.84, 1.29]
8 Survival at 18 months (relative risk)	1	160	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.05 [0.82, 1.34]
9 Survival at 6 months (risk difference)	1	160	Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.08 [‐0.01, 0.17]