Table 5. Effect of different levels of biochar and selected agroforestry trees species on post-harvest soil characteristics.
| Control | FYMB 3% | FYMB 6% | FYMB 9% | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sp. 1 | Sp. 2 | Sp. 3 | Sp. 1 | Sp. 2 | Sp. 3 | Sp. 1 | Sp. 2 | Sp. 3 | Sp. 1 | Sp. 2 | Sp. 3 | |
| pH | 7.73a ± 0.08 | 7.77a ± 0.08 | 7.77a ± 0.08 | 8.07abc ± 0.08 | 8.20a ± 0.08 | 8.20a ± 0.08 | 7.93abc ± 0.08 | 7.93abc ± 0.08 | 8.00abc ± 0.08 | 7.97abc ± 0.08 | 8.10ab ± 0.08 | 8.10ab ± 0.08 |
| EC (dS/m) | 8.29b ± 0.28 | 8.71b ± 0.28 | 12.41a ± 0.28 | 3.77ef ± 0.28 | 4.41de ± 0.28 | 6.71c ± 0.28 | 3.22f ± 0.28 | 3.22f ± 0.28 | 5.19d ± 0.28 | 4.65de ± 0.28 | 5.23d ± 0.28 | 6.98c ± 0.28 |
| TSS(mmol/L) | 82.90b ± 2.82 | 87.10b ± 2.82 | 124.10a ± 2.82 | 37.70ef ± 2.82 | 44.10de ± 2.82 | 67.07c ± 2.82 | 32.17f ± 2.82 | 32.17f ± 2.82 | 51.93d ± 2.82 | 46.47de ± 2.82 | 52.27d ± 2.82 | 69.80c ± 2.82 |
| CO32-(mmol/L) | (-) | (-) | (-) | (-) | (-) | (-) | (-) | (-) | (-) | (-) | (-) | (-) |
| HCO3-(mmol/L) | 3.20cd ± 0.22 | 4.44ab ± 0.22 | 4.51a ± 0.22 | 5.44c ± 0.22 | 5.97bc ± 0.22 | 6.18abc ± 0.22 | 3.65e ± 0.22 | 3.65e ± 0.22 | 3.83de ± 0.22 | 4.11de ± 0.22 | 4.22de ± 0.22 | 4.53d ± 0.22 |
| Cl- (mmol /L) | 40.00c ± 1.1 | 51.00b ± 1.1 | 60.00a ± 1.1 | 18.00g ± 1.1 | 20.00g ± 1.1 | 25.00ef ± 1.1 | 14.00h ± 1.1 | 14.00h ± 1.1 | 26.67ef ± 1.1 | 25.00ef ± 1.1 | 28.00de ± 1.1 | 30.63d ± 1.1 |
| Ca2++Mg2+ (mmol/L) | 3.73b ± 0.7 | 3.73b ± 0.7 | 3.83b ± 0.7 | 6.77ab ± 0.7 | 7.20a ± 0.7 | 7.20a ± 0.7 | 7.93a ± 0.7 | 7.93a ± 0.7 | 7.87a ± 0.7 | 8.47a ± 0.7 | 9.20a ± 0.7 | 9.14a ± 0.7 |
| Na+ (mmol/L) | 48.00b ± 1.23 | 51.00b ± 1.23 | 62.33a ± 1.23 | 21.33def ± 1.23 | 23.00de ± 1.23 | 30.00c ± 1.23 | 17.00f ± 1.23 | 17.00f ± 1.23 | 23.33de ± 1.23 | 19.67ef ± 1.23 | 21.33def ± 1.23 | 25.67cd ± 1.23 |
| SAR | 35.23b ± 1.69 | 37.41b ± 1.69 | 45.50a ± 1.69 | 11.78bc ± 1.69 | 12.20bc ± 1.69 | 15.89b ± 1.69 | 8.57c ± 1.69 | 8.57c ± 1.69 | 11.77bc ± 1.69 | 9.28c ± 1.69 | 9.82bc ± 1.69 | 11.72bc ± 1.69 |
| K+ |
6.60b ± 0.67 | 6.53b ± 0.67 | 6.03b ± 0.67 | 10.97d ± 0.67 | 11.27cd ± 0.67 | 11.40bcd ± 0.67 | 12.97abcd ± 0.67 | 12.97abcd ± 0.67 | 13.40abcd ± 0.67 | 13.47abc ± 0.67 | 13.77abc ± 0.67 | 13.90a ± 0.67 |
| OM (%) | 0.51d ± 0.01 | 0.51d ± 0.01 | 0.50d ± 0.01 | 0.80c ± 0.01 | 0.79c ± 0.01 | 0.78c ± 0.01 | 0.85b ± 0.01 | 0.85b ± 0.01 | 0.83b ± 0.01 | 0.90a ± 0.01 | 0.89a ± 0.01 | 0.88a ± 0.01 |
| TOC(%) | 0.30d ± 0.01 | 0.29d ± 0.01 | 0.29d ± 0.01 | 0.46c ± 0.01 | 0.46c ± 0.01 | 0.46c ± 0.01 | 0.49b ± 0.01 | 0.49b ± 0.01 | 0.48b ± 0.01 | 0.52a ± 0.01 | 0.52a ± 0.01 | 0.51a ± 0.01 |
| Saturation(%) | 34.19c ± 0.25 | 0.028d ± 0.25 | 34.53c ± 0.25 | 37.06e ± 0.25 | 36.67e ± 0.25 | 36.37e ± 0.25 | 43.32bcd ± 0.25 | 43.32bcd ± 0.25 | 42.69d ± 0.25 | 44.32a ± 0.25 | 43.88ab ± 0.25 | 43.69abc ± 0.25 |
*Mean value (n = 3) ± Standard error
Different alphabetical letters showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) difference among treatments and vice versa
Sp. 1 = Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Sp. 2 = Vachellia nilotica, Sp. 3 = Dalbergia sissoo