Table 1. Mediation analysis showed mediation effect of LTL for CHIP-associated CAD risk.

The mediation effect of LTL for CHIP-associated CAD risk was estimated by mediation package in R. A mediation effect of 0 indicates that LTL does not mediate the CHIP-associated CAD risks, and a mediation effect of 1 indicates that LTL mediates all of the CHIP-related CAD risks. The P value reflects whether the proportion of the mediation effect on the CHIP-related CAD risks is 0% versus not 0%. Both mediator and outcome models are adjusted by age, sex, ever smoking, BMI, prevalent type 2 diabetes, prevalent hypercholesterolemia, prevalent hypertension, sequencing batch, and the first 11 genetic PCs in UK Biobank, and age at blood draw, ever smoking, race, dyslipidemia, hypertension, BMI, WHI inverse probability weight (to account for the nonrandom selection of women for WGS in WHI), history of hormone therapy, history of hysterectomy, and the first 11 genetic PCs in WHI. CAD, coronary artery disease; CHIP, clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential; LTL, leukocyte telomere length; WHI, Women’s Health Initiative.

	Proportion of mediation effect of LTL for CHIP- associated CAD risk (95% CI)	P
UK Biobank (n = 43,408)	0.034 (0.013–0.083)	<2 × 10−16
WHI (n = 3734)	0.064 (0.0088–0.19)	0.02