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. 2022 Mar 23;13:836516. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.836516

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Copyright © 2022 Maza, Úbeda, Delgado, Horndler, Llamas, van Santen, Alarcón, Abia, García-Bermejo, Serrano-Villar, Bastolla and Fresno

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2. (A) Neutralization of a recombinant virus pseudotyped with the Spike protein and at ¼ dilution of all sera. Values are the mean of 2 different experiments. Neutralization versus subjects group, ***p<0.001 among the 3 groups. (B) ACE2 serum levels for the same samples. (C) Neutralization by soluble hACE2 of a recombinant virus pseudotyped with the Spike protein (C1) and authentic SARS-CoV2 (C2). (D) There is a significant positive correlation between neutralization and ACE2 (E) and negative correlation between neutralization and Angiotensin II, which binds ACE2 and might compete for the binding of viral particles. (F) A regularized linear fit that takes into account both ACE2 and Angiotensin II explains little more than one third of the variance of the neutralization (p=0.005).