Table 2.
|
Include |
Exclude |
Rationale for exclusion |
Population | Health care clinicians/practitioners- Nurses, Midwives, Doctors, Allied health workers, students from all health disciplines. | Sonographers Non-health professionals. |
Sonographers and trainee sonographers possess more advanced imaging skills and are not within the scope of this review. Focus on training of populations with minimum basic healthcare training/experience/qualification. It is not advisable for non-healthcare professionals without training to perform PoCUS on patients/people. |
Intervention/ Exposure | Antenatal Point-of-Care ultrasound (PoCUS) training including broader courses teaching scanning of multiple organ systems. | PoCUS training with no antenatal specific content (e.g., critical care- FAST, Abdominal, cardiac, lung, vascular). Advanced training (complex and interventional scanning) or full diagnostic ultrasound training leading to registration and qualification (sonographer training). |
Non-antenatal PoCUS training is beyond the scope of this review. This review is focused on basic PoCUS training of health professionals. Advanced training such as those requiring lengthy courses, long-term supervision and formal accreditation/registration are beyond the scope of this review. |
Outcome | Efficacy of training.Types of evidence/evaluation measures: Training course evaluation/Trainee satisfaction, testing of knowledge and practical skills (OSCE), Image quality review, diagnosis review, Confidence measures, Scanning frequency, Maternal/fetal outcomes. | Articles with limited description or reporting of the training intervention (training delivered), training assessment (evaluation measures) and outcome. | Inadequate methodological detail inhibits quality assessment and comparison between studies. |
Study type | Original research. Studies involving antenatal PoCUS training evaluation- Cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, case control studies, observational studies, qualitative studies, case reports, clinical and randomized control trials. English language. Clinical/Human studies. |
Review articles, Conference presentations/Abstracts, Letters, Editorials, Commentaries.Articles with Insufficient detail of described training interventions (training delivered), training assessment (evaluation measures) and outcome. Non-English articles. Animal studies. |
Only original research articles were included for review. Conference presentations and abstracts (not full length articles) provide insufficient detail and peer-review scrutiny. |