Table1.
Clinical and laboratory findings of patients based on severity of infection
| Characteristics | Total (N= 211) | Severity of infection | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Severe n=75 | Non-severe n=136 | ||||
| Age (year) | 60.7±15.8 | 64.5±14.2 | 58.6±16.4 | 0.010 | |
| Neuroimaging abnormality | 63(29.9) | 39(52) | 24(17.6) | <0.001 | |
| Gender | Male | 111(52.6) | 39 (52) | 72(52.9) | 0.896 |
| Female | 100 (47.4) | 36 (48) | 64(47.1) | ||
| Comorbidities | Hypertension | 95(45) | 41(54.7) | 54(39.7) | 0.037 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 81(38.4) | 26(34.7) | 55(40.4) | 0.409 | |
| Heart disease | 51(24.2) | 17(22.7) | 34(25.0) | 0.705 | |
| COPD | 10(4.7) | 4(5.3) | 6(4.4) | 0.763 | |
| CKD | 14(6.6) | 8(10.7) | 6(4.4) | 0.081 | |
| Liver disease | 7(3.3) | 3(4.0) | 4(2.9) | 0.681 | |
| Malignancy | 18(8.5) | 8(10.7) | 10(7.4) | 0.409 | |
| Tobacco smoking | 26(12.3) | 9(12.2) | 17(12.5) | 0.916 | |
| Outcome | Discharged | 158(74.9) | 38(50.7) | 120(88.2) | <0.001 |
| Expired | 53(25.1) | 37(49.3) | 16(11.8) | ||
| CNS | Total | 179(84.4) | 70(93.3) | 109(80.1) | 0.011 |
| Dizziness | 33(15.7) | 15(20) | 18(13.2) | 0.195 | |
| Headache | 85(40.3) | 22(29.3) | 63(46.3) | 0.016 | |
| LOC | 76(36.0) | 46(61.3) | 30(22.1) | <0.001 | |
| Ataxia | 22(10.4) | 9(12.0) | 13(9.6) | 0.579 | |
| Seizure | 11(5.2) | 9(12.0) | 2(1.5) | 0.001 | |
| Focal neurologic findings | 38(18.0) | 23(30.7) | 15(11.0) | <0.001 | |
| Encephalopathy | 4(1.9) | 3(4.0) | 1(0.7) | 0.096 | |
| PNS | Taste impairment | 23(10.9) | 3(4.0) | 20(14.7) | 0.017 |
| Smell impairment | 24(11.4) | 3(4.0) | 21(15.4) | 0.012 | |
| Visual impairment | 10(4.7) | 5(6.7) | 5(3.7) | 0.328 | |
| Guillain-Barre syndrome | 2(0.9) | 1(1.3) | 1(0.7) | 0.668 | |
| Psychiatric | Total | 74(35.1) | 33(44.0) | 41(30.1) | 0.044 |
| Laboratory | WBC (cells /μL) | 10219±4932 | 10930±6344 | 9827±3917 | 0.174 |
| Neutrophil (cells /μL) | 7904±4353 | 9271±5569 | 7150±3295 | 0.003 | |
| Lymphocyte (cells /μL) | 1586±963 | 933±643 | 1945±921 | <0.001 | |
| Platelet (cells /μL) | 235004±114506 | 212413±102995 | 247463±118935 | 0.033 | |
| ESR (mm/hr) | 43.0±33.1 | 62.1±26.9 | 32.4±31.4 | <0.001 | |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 37.4±29.0 | 55.4±23.9 | 28.0±27.3 | <0.001 | |
| CPK (U/L) | 151.1±345.9 | 192.8±183.7 | 128.6±406.3 | 0.001 | |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 543.2±436.9 | 661.3±585.4 | 478.7±313.7 | 0.01 | |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 56.3±49.2 | 70.8±53.1 | 48.3±45.2 | 0.002 | |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.5±1.0 | 1.6±1.1 | 1.3±0.9 | 0.075 | |
| CSF | High WBC (cells/mm3) | 4/13 | ---- | ---- | |
| Increased Protein (mg/dL) | 5/13 | ---- | ---- | ||
Data presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or number (%). ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; LOC: loss of consciousness; CPK: Creatine phosphor Kinase; WBC: White blood cell; CKD: chronic kidney disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.