Table 3. Pediatric patients with a known diagnosis of epilepsy and presentation with COVID-19 infection with outcomes.
GTC = generalized tonic-clonic; LoC = loss of consciousness; Bi-PLEDs = bilateral independent periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges.
Authors | Age, sex | Prior diagnosis of epilepsy | Neurological symptoms | Non-neurological symptoms | EEG | Prognosis |
Atakla et al. (2020) [16] | 14 years, male | Known generalized epilepsy since the age of nine years. Well managed on maintenance Depakote | Worsening GTC seizures, confusion, and LoC | Fever and flu-like symptoms | 4-5 Hz theta activity, ample, symmetrical, bilateral, and associated with epileptogenic discharges in the right hemisphere, suggesting multifocal epilepsy | Recovered |
Zombori et al. (2021) [17] | 17 years, female | Cornelia de Lange syndrome and well-controlled generalized epilepsy | Pediatric multi-inflammatory syndrome temporally related to COVID-19 (PIMS-TS) | Fever | Bi-PLEDs and subclinical seizures | Worsening neurodisability |