Table 1.

Patients’ demographics, smoking habits and preoperative characteristics

Variable	N64%
Age at surgery in years (range)	51.6 (18–86)
Gender (male/female)	90/452
Duration of EO at surgery in years (range)	3.6 (0.1–23.8)
Smoker (n)	302 (55.6%)
Orbital radiotherapy (n)	179 (32.9%)
Steroid therapy (n)	453 (83.7%)
Preoperative diplopia	347 (64%)
In primary position	185 (34%)