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. 2022 Apr 6;13(4):308. doi: 10.1038/s41419-022-04770-4

Fig. 2. HIF-mediated regulation of mitochondrial metabolism.

Fig. 2

For hypoxic adaptation, HIF transcriptionally regulates the expression of a subset of genes to reduce mitochondrial metabolism and oxygen consumption. The expression of these genes influences the core functions of mitochondria by affecting TCA cycle substrate availability, Δψm, TCA cycle operation and respiratory chain function. The molecules directly regulated by HIF are shown in lime color. ER endoplasmic reticulum. MAM mitochondria-associated ER membrane. ETC electron transport chain. TCA cycle tricarboxylic acid cycle. Δψm mitochondrial membrane potential.