TABLE 2.

Predictors of treatment efficacy after pain and relief phases (Results of generalized linear models, GLM).

Treatment efficacy after pain phase (R2 = 0.17)
Predictors	Estimates	Std. Beta	CI	Std. CI	t	p	df
(Intercept)	69.76	–0.00	23.6–116.0	–0.31–0.31	2.96	0.006	33
Pre-treatment expectation (VAS)	0.25	0.17	–0.30–0.80	–0.20–0.53	0.89	0.38	33
Perceived intensity for pain phase (VAS)	–0.13	–0.13	–0.45–0.20	–0.48–0.21	–0.76	0.45	33
Stimulus intensity for pain phase (mmHg)	–0.37	–0.21	–1.01–0.27	–0.58–0.16	–1.13	0.27	33
Tension after pain phase (VAS)	0.11	0.18	–0.10–0.32	–0.16–0.52	1.05	0.30	33
Duration of medication reminder communication (minutes)	–0.85	–0.14	–3.03–1.32	–0.49–0.21	–0.77	0.45	33
Treatment efficacy after relief phase (R2 = 0.54)
Predictors	Estimates	Std. Beta	CI	Std. CI	t	p	df
(Intercept)	–6.06	–0.00	–46.5–34.4	–0.23–0.23	–0.29	0.77	32
Pre-treatment expectation (VAS)	0.53	0.35	0.09–0.97	0.06–0.64	2.37	0.024	32
Treatment efficacy rating for pain phase (VAS)	0.59	0.59	0.33–0.86	0.33–0.86	4.35	<0.001	32
Perceived intensity for relief phase (VAS)	0.06	0.06	–0.27–0.39	–0.28–0.40	0.35	0.73	32
Stimulus intensity for relief phase (mmHg)	0.17	0.10	–0.35–0.68	–0.20–0.39	0.64	0.53	32
Tension after relief phase (VAS)	–0.10	–0.15	-0.31–0.12	–0.49–0.19	–0.88	0.39	32
Duration of medication reminder communication (minutes)	–0.06	–0.01	–1.84–1.71	–0.30–0.28	–0.07	0.94	32

Separate generalized linear models (GLMs) with pre-treatment expectation as exploratory and treatment efficacy ratings as response variables were calculated for the pain and pain relief phases, respectively, in all positively instructed volunteers (N = 40, placebo group). CI, confidence interval; df, degree of freedom; Std., Standardized; t, t value; VAS, visual analog scale. Significant p-values are printed in bold.