Table 1. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients before and after propensity score matching.
| Variables | Pre-matched cohort | Propensity score-matched cohort | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 507) | Regdanvimab (n = 256) | Control (n = 251) | P | Total (n = 344) | Regdanvimab (n = 172) | Control (n = 172) | P | ||
| Age (years) | 66 (60 – 72) | 66 (60 – 72) | 67 (60 – 72) | 0.646 | 67 (62 – 72) | 66 (61 – 72) | 67.5 (63 – 72) | 0.479 | |
| Age ≥65 years | 316 (62.3) | 158 (61.7) | 158 (62.9) | 0.775 | 232 (67.4) | 112 (65.1) | 120 (69.8) | 0.357 | |
| Male | 241 (47.5) | 122 (47.7) | 119 (47.4) | 0.956 | 159 (46.2) | 80 (46.5) | 79 (45.9) | 0.914 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.1 (22.1 – 26.2) | 24.5 (22.6 – 26.4) | 23.5 (21.5 – 25.6) | 0.017 | 24.0 (22.2 – 26.2) | 24.5 (22.6 – 26.6) | 23.7 (21.9 – 25.9) | 0.053 | |
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | 22 (4.3) | 12 (4.7) | 10 (4.0) | 0.698 | 11 (3.2) | 6 (3.5) | 5 (2.9) | 0.999 | |
| Days from symptom onset | |||||||||
| To admissiona, median (range) | 2 (0 – 9) | 2 (0 – 8) | 3 (0 – 9) | 0.012 | 2 (0 – 9) | 2 (0 – 8) | 3 (0 – 9) | 0.056 | |
| To Regdanvimab treatment, median (range) | 3 (0 – 9) | 3 (0 – 9) | NA | NA | 3 (0 – 9) | 3 (0 – 9) | NA | NA | |
| Days from diagnosis to admission, median (range) | 0 (0 – 4) | 0 (0 – 3) | 0 (0 – 4) | 0.674 | 0 (0 – 4) | 0 (0 – 3) | 0 (0 – 4) | 0.873 | |
| Underlying illness | |||||||||
| Diabetes | 187 (36.9) | 102 (39.8) | 85 (33.9) | 0.163 | 132 (38.4) | 68 (39.5) | 64 (37.2) | 0.657 | |
| Hypertension | 273 (53.8) | 131 (51.2) | 142 (56.6) | 0.223 | 178 (51.7) | 88 (51.2) | 90 (52.3) | 0.829 | |
| Coronary artery disease | 46 (9.1) | 27 (10.5) | 19 (7.6) | 0.243 | 33 (9.6) | 17 (9.9) | 16 (9.3) | 0.855 | |
| Chronic lung disease | 19 (3.7) | 16 (6.3) | 3 (1.2) | 0.004 | 8 (2.3) | 5 (2.9) | 3 (1.7) | 0.723 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 5 (1.0) | 1 (0.4) | 4 (1.6) | 0.212 | 4 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (2.3) | 0.123 | |
| Malignancy | 11 (2.2) | 5 (2.0) | 6 (2.4) | 0.770 | 7 (2.0) | 3 (1.7) | 4 (2.3) | 0.999 | |
| Immunocompromised | 2 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.8) | 0.245 | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.2) | 0.499 | |
| Liver cirrhosis | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0.499 | 2 (0.6) | 2 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.499 | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 35 (6.9) | 18 (7.0) | 17 (6.8) | 0.909 | 27 (7.8) | 13 (7.6) | 14 (8.1) | 0.999 | |
| COVID-19 vaccination | 128 (25.2) | 63 (24.6) | 65 (25.9) | 0.739 | 92 (26.7) | 46 (26.7) | 46 (26.7) | 0.999 | |
| One dose | 99 (19.5) | 51 (19.9) | 48 (19.1) | 0.821 | 75 (21.8) | 37 (21.5) | 38 (22.1) | 0.896 | |
| Two doses | 29 (5.7) | 12 (4.7) | 17 (6.8) | 0.312 | 17 (4.9) | 9 (5.2) | 8 (4.7) | 0.804 | |
| Initial symptoms and sign | |||||||||
| Fever or chill | 205 (40.4) | 124 (48.4) | 81 (32.3) | <0.001 | 144 (41.9) | 72 (41.9) | 72 (41.9) | 0.999 | |
| Myalgia | 110 (21.7) | 70 (27.3) | 40 (15.9) | 0.002 | 76 (22.1) | 40 (23.3) | 36 (20.9) | 0.603 | |
| Cough | 270 (53.3) | 151 (59.0) | 119 (47.4) | 0.009 | 180 (52.3) | 91 (52.9) | 89 (51.7) | 0.829 | |
| Sputum | 135 (26.6) | 78 (30.5) | 57 (22.7) | 0.048 | 99 (28.8) | 49 (28.5) | 50 (29.1) | 0.905 | |
| Dyspnea | 19 (3.7) | 15 (5.9) | 4 (1.6) | 0.017 | 6 (1.7) | 3 (1.7) | 3 (1.7) | 0.999 | |
| Congestion or runny nose | 53 (10.5) | 26 (10.2) | 27 (10.8) | 0.825 | 35 (10.2) | 20 (11.6) | 15 (8.7) | 0.373 | |
| Sore throat | 144 (28.4) | 76 (29.7) | 68 (27.1) | 0.517 | 90 (26.2) | 45 (26.2) | 45 (26.2) | 0.999 | |
| Chest discomfort | 18 (3.6) | 8 (3.1) | 10 (4.0) | 0.601 | 14 (4.1) | 7 (4.1) | 7 (4.1) | 0.999 | |
| Abdominal pain or diarrhea | 21 (4.1) | 10 (3.9) | 11 (4.4) | 0.788 | 12 (3.5) | 7 (4.1) | 5 (2.9) | 0.770 | |
| Headache | 114 (22.5) | 70 (27.3) | 44 (17.5) | 0.008 | 79 (23.0) | 40 (23.3) | 39 (22.7) | 0.898 | |
| Loss of taste or smell | 33 (6.5) | 14 (5.5) | 19 (7.6) | 0.338 | 25 (7.3) | 11 (6.4) | 14 (8.1) | 0.533 | |
| Fever ≥38°C on admission | 83 (16.4) | 65 (25.4) | 18 (7.2) | <0.001 | 43 (12.5) | 25 (14.5) | 18 (10.5) | 0.254 | |
| Severityb on admission | |||||||||
| No symptom | 34 (6.7) | 9 (3.5) | 25 (10.0) | 0.004 | 21 (6.1) | 9 (5.2) | 12 (7.0) | 0.499 | |
| Mild | 236 (46.5) | 88 (34.4) | 148 (59.0) | <0.001 | 159 (46.2) | 76 (44.2) | 83 (48.3) | 0.449 | |
| Moderate | 237 (46.7) | 159 (62.1) | 78 (31.1) | <0.001 | 164 (47.7) | 87 (50.6) | 77 (44.8) | 0.280 | |
| Laboratory findings on admissionc | |||||||||
| WBCs (× 103/mm3) | 4.94 (4.08 – 6.04) | 4.83 (4.05 – 5.87) | 5.14 (4.11 – 6.23) | 0.110 | 4.92 (4.11 – 5.90) | 4.90 (4.10 – 5.80) | 4.95 (4.11 – 5.93) | 0.507 | |
| Platelet (× 103/mm3) | 199 (160 – 238) | 197 (158 – 234) | 202 (165 – 243) | 0.195 | 200 (164 – 241) | 200 (163 – 237) | 198 (165 – 243) | 0.673 | |
| AST (IU/L) | 24 (19 – 31) | 25 (20 – 32) | 23 (19 – 31) | <0.001 | 24 (19 – 31) | 24 (19 – 30) | 24 (19 – 33) | 0.909 | |
| ALT (IU/L) | 19 (14 – 29) | 19 (14 – 28) | 19 (13 – 31) | 0.185 | 18 (14 – 29) | 18 (14 – 27) | 19 (13 – 31) | 0.758 | |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.79 (0.65 – 0.94) | 0.79 (0.65 – 0.94) | 0.79 (0.66 – 0.94) | 0.863 | 0.79 (0.65 – 0.95) | 0.79 (0.65 – 0.95) | 0.78 (0.65 – 0.95) | 0.948 | |
| C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 0.47 (0.14 – 1.28) | 0.63 (0.23 – 1.70) | 0.29 (0.10 – 0.68) | <0.001 | 0.44 (0.14 – 1.28) | 0.57 (0.19 – 1.48) | 0.33 (0.12 – 0.93) | 0.002 | |
| Outcomes | |||||||||
| Progress to severe disease | 51 (10.1) | 20 (7.8) | 31 (12.4) | 0.089 | 38 (11.0) | 8 (4.7) | 30 (17.4) | <0.001 | |
| Transfer to tertiary hospitals | 6 (1.2) | 3 (1.2)d | 3 (1.2)e | 0.999 | 4 (1.2) | 1 (0.6) | 3 (1.7) | 0.311 | |
| Duration of hospitalization | 11 (5 – 33) | 11 (6 – 22) | 11 (5 – 33) | 0.010 | 11 (5 – 33) | 11 (6 – 20) | 11 (5 – 33) | 0.329 | |
Data are no. (%) of patients or median (interquartile range), unless otherwise indicated.
aOf the total cohort, 374 had COVID-19 symptoms at the time of admission.
bSeverity was classified based on NIH-guidelines.
cOf the total cohort, 37 patients did not get laboratory tests.
dOne patient was treated with high flow oxygen therapy and two were treated with low flow oxygen therapy in tertiary hospitals.
eTwo patients were treated with high flow oxygen therapy and one was treated with mechanical ventilation.
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; BMI, body mass index; NA, not applicable; WBC, white blood cell; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase.