TABLE 4.
Categorical stability of personality disorders from baseline (t1) to follow-up (t2) (N = 115).
| Mean-level stability | Rank-order stability | ||||||
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|
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| Personality disorders (PDs) | Absent t1 and t2 | Present t1/absent t2 | Absent t1/present t2 (new cases) | Present t1 and t2 (enduring cases) | Proportion enduringa |
Cohen’s κ | Tetrachoric correlation coefficient |
|
| |||||||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | % | κ | r tet | |
| Any full-syndrome PD | 68 (59.1) | 12 (10.4) | 24 (20.9) | 11 (9.6) | 47.8 | 0.18 | 0.33*** |
| Cluster A | 104 (90.4) | 3 (2.6) | 6 (5.2) | 2 (1.7) | 40.0 | 0.27 | 0.60*** |
| Paranoid | 109 (94.9) | 3 (2.6) | 3 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0 | −0.03 | 0.38*** |
| Schizotypal | 113 (983) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | − | − | − |
| Schizoid | 109 (94.8) | 1 (0.9) | 3 (2.6) | 2 (1.7) | 66.7 | 0.48 | 0.85*** |
| Cluster B | 81 (70.4) | 11 (9.6) | 18 (15.6) | 5 (4.3) | 31.2 | 0.11 | 0.23* |
| Histrionic | 113 (98.3) | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0 | − | − |
| Narcissistic | 109 (94.8) | 4 (3.5) | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0 | −0.02 | 0.40*** |
| Borderline | 97 (84.4) | 9 (7.8) | 8 (7.0) | 1 (0.9) | 10.0 | 0.02 | 0.08 |
| Antisocialb | 92 (80.0) | 4 (3.5) | 16 (13.9) | 3 (2.6) | 42.9 | 0.16 | 0.41*** |
| Cluster C | 95 (82.6) | 7 (6.0) | 12 (10.4) | 1 (0.9) | 12.5 | 0.01 | 0.03 |
| Avoidant | 107 (93.0) | 3 (2.6) | 5 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0 | −0.03 | 0.28** |
| Dependent | 113 (98.3) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0 | −0.01 | 0.72*** |
| Obsessive compulsive | 104 (90.4) | 3 (2.6) | 7 (6.0) | 1 (0.9) | 25.0 | 0.13 | 0.38*** |
| PD NOSc | 107 (93.0) | 3 (2.6) | 5 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0 | −0.03 | 0.28** |
| Passive aggressive | 105 (91.3) | 5 (4.3) | 5 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0 | −0.04 | 0.17 |
| Depressive | 105 (91.3) | 3 (2.6) | 6 (5.2) | 1 (0.9) | 25.0 | 0.14 | 0.42*** |
aCalculated by the number of enduring cases divided by the total number of participants meeting a PD at baseline. bIncluding participants younger than 18 years at baseline. cPD not otherwise specified (NOS). – measures not available, as either baseline or follow-up PD criteria were not met. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. The sample size is sufficient to achieve a power ≥0.8 if rtet ≥ 0.42.