Table 2.
Seroprevalence by age, place, district tier, gender and (significant) symptoms
| Variables | Positive (%) | Negative (%) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | |
| Seroprevalence for COVID-19 | 351 (7.1) | 4647 (93.0) | |||
| Gender (n=4998) | Male | 178 (6.9) | 2394 (93.1) | 0.97 (0.78 to 1.20) | 0.879 |
| Female | 173 (7.1) | 2253 (92.9) | |||
| Age (years) (n=4997) | 0–9 | 38 (3.9) | 935 (96.1) | ||
| 10–19 | 46 (4.5) | 973 (95.5) | 0.43 (0.29 to 0.63) | 0.000 | |
| 20–39 | 80 (7.8) | 950 (92.2) | 0.49 (0.34 to 0.71) | 0.000 | |
| 40–59 | 101 (10.1) | 899 (89.9) | 0.88 (0.64 to 1.21) | 0.390 | |
| 60+ | 85 (8.7) | 890 (91.3) | 1.18 (0.87 to 1.59) | 0.309 | |
| Location (n=4998) | Urban | 154 (8.1) | 1741 (91.9) | 1.30 (1.04 to 1.62) | 0.014 |
| Rural | 197 (6.3) | 2906 (93.7) | |||
| District prevalence (reported cases) (n=4998) | Low prevalence (tier-2) | 270 (9.0) | 1919 (96.0) | 2.34 (1.81 to 3.02) | 0.000 |
| High prevalence (tier-1) | 81 (4.1) | 2728 (91.0) | |||
| Contact with COVID-19 positive case (n=4971) | Yes | 25 (13.9) | 155 (86.1) | 2.34 (1.81 to 3.03) | 0.001 |
| No | 292 (6.7) | 4041 (93.3) | |||
| Sore throat (n=4987) | Yes | 118 (10.6) | 998 (89.4) | 1.86 (1.46 to 2.32) | 0.000 |
| No | 233 (6.0) | 3638(94) | |||
| Fatigue (n=4991) | Yes | 43 (10.9) | 351 (89.1) | 1.706 (1.22 to 2.39) | 0.002 |
| No | 308 (6.7) | 4289 (93.3) | |||
| Joint ache (n=4988) | Yes | 65 (10.7) | 541 (89.3) | 1.734 (1.31 to 2.30) | 0.000 |
| No | 284 (6.5) | 4.98 (93.5) | |||
| High-grade fever (n=4986) | Yes | 123 (8.6) | 1313 (91.4) | 1.365 (1.09 to 1.72) | 0.008 |
| No | 228 (6.4) | 3322 (93.6) | |||
| Cough (n=4993) | Yes | 98 (8.5) | 1055 (91.5) | 1.317 (1.03 to 1.67) | 0.026 |
| No | 253 (6.6) | 3587 (93.4) | |||
| Runny nose (n=4987) | Yes | 97 (8.5) | 1044 (91.5) | 1.32 (1.03 to 1.7) | 0.026 |
| No | 253 (6.6) | 3593 (93.4) | |||