Table 1.

Demographic information and group differences

	IGD (n = 21)	RGU (n = 23)	t/χ 2	P	Effect Size
Gender	Male = 10, Female = 11	Male = 15, Female = 8	1.38	0.239	0.18
Age (mean ± SD)	21.29 ± 1.52	21.61 ± 1.95	0.61	0.546	0.18
DSM-5 score	6.24 ± 1.22	2.35 ± 1.33	10.05**	<0.001	3.10
IAT score (mean ± SD)	70.48 ± 10.64	35.91 ± 13.88	6.54**	<0.001	2.01
Education (years)	14.29 ± 1.52	14.61 ± 1.95	0.61	0.541	0.19

IGD: Internet gaming disorder; RGU: recreational game use; Craving: self-reported craving.

IAT: Internet addiction test; DSM-5: Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental Disorders-5.

SD, standard deviation.

*P < 0.05, **P < 0.001.