Table 3.
Neonatal outcomes between the SC and ART groups.
| Variables | Overall (%) | SC (%) | ART (%) | p -value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of cases | N = 5,913 | N = 4,801 (81.2) | N = 1,112 (18.8) | – |
| Male | 3,338 (56.5) | 2,717 (56.6) | 621 (55.8) | 0.651* |
| Female | 2,575 (43.5) | 2,084 (43.4) | 491 (44.2) | – |
| Multiple births | 1,434 (24.3) | 653 (13.6) | 781 (70.2) | <0.001* |
| Gestational age <34 weeks | 1,237 (20.9) | 979 (20.4) | 258 (23.2) | 0.038* |
| Gestational age (day) | 251.63 ± 21.17 | 253.06 ± 21.46 | 245.45 ± 18.68 | <0.001** |
| Birth weight (g) | 2,594.82 ± 767.26 | 2,645.08 ± 785.18 | 2,377.84 ± 641.07 | <0.001** |
| Length at birth (cm) | 47.04 ± 14.42 | 47.05 ± 10.91 | 47.01 ± 24.33 | <0.001** |
| Head circumference at birth (cm) | 32.10 ± 2.69 | 32.19 ± 2.70 | 31.73 ± 2.60 | <0.001** |
| 1-min Apgar score | 8.62 ± 1.89 | 8.62 ± 1.87 | 8.63 ± 1.95 | 0.903** |
| 5-min Apgar score | 9.33 ± 1.28 | 9.33 ± 1.25 | 9.32 ± 1.40 | 0.139** |
| BPD | 165 (2.8) | 124 (2.6) | 41 (3.7) | 0.044* |
| NRDS | 485 (8.2) | 376 (7.8) | 109 (9.8) | 0.031* |
| NEC | 60 (1.0) | 45 (0.9) | 15 (1.3) | 0.217* |
| ROP | 113 (1.9) | 82 (1.7) | 31 (2.8) | 0.018* |
| Neonatal brain injury | 2,118 (35.8) | 1,729 (36.0) | 389 (35.0) | 0.518* |
| Intracranial hemorrhage | 312 (5.3) | 248 (5.2) | 64 (5.8) | 0.428* |
| Atrial septal defect | 397 (6.7) | 316 (6.6) | 81 (7.3) | 0.399* |
| Ventricular septal defect | 82 (1.4) | 65 (1.4) | 17 (1.5) | 0.653* |
| Neonatal asphyxia | 897 (15.2) | 736 (15.3) | 161 (14.5) | 0.476* |
| Neonatal pneumonia | 382 (6.5) | 319 (6.6) | 63 (5.7) | 0.231* |
| Septicemia | 120 (2.0) | 102 (2.1) | 18 (1.6) | 0.281* |
| Neonatal cholestasis | 133 (2.2) | 115 (2.4) | 18 (1.6) | 0.116* |
| Abnormal liver function | 52 (0.9) | 45 (0.9) | 7 (0.6) | 0.322* |
| Thyroid dysfunction | 78 (1.3) | 68 (1.4) | 10 (0.9) | 0.173* |
| Abnormal coagulation function | 574 (9.7) | 452 (9.4) | 122 (11.0) | 0.114* |
| Neonatal anemia | 602 (10.2) | 469 (9.8) | 133 (12.0) | 0.029* |
| Birth defects | 714 (12.1) | 577 (12.0) | 137 (12.3) | 0.781* |
| Mortality | 90 (1.5) | 74 (1.5) | 16 (1.4) | 0.801* |
Categorical variables are expressed as proportions and percentages of the total.
ART, assisted reproductive technology; SC, spontaneous conception; BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity.
*
Chi-square test.
**
Mann–Whitney test.