TABLE 2.

Association between low birth weight and risk of cardiovascular outcomes.

	Cases (incidence/1,000 person years)		Model 1†		Model 2‡
Outcomes	Normal BW	Low BW	HR (95% CI)	P-value	HR (95% CI)	P-value	Per additional‡	P-value
CVD events	8,534 (4.83)	503 (7.37)	1.42 (1.30–1.54)	<0.001	1.23 (1.09–1.38)	0.001	0.89 (0.85–0.94)	<0.001
Stroke	1,905 (1.06)	120 (1.71)	1.45 (1.21–1.75)	<0.001	1.52 (1.18–1.95)	0.001	0.85 (0.76–0.94)	0.003
Ischemic stroke	1,198 (0.67)	74 (1.05)	1.42 (1.12–1.79)	0.004	1.37 (0.99–1.91)	0.061	0.89 (0.78–1.02)	0.10
Hemorrhagic stroke	593 (0.33)	35 (0.50)	1.38 (0.98–1.94)	0.067	1.69 (1.11–2.58)	0.014	0.80 (0.66–0.96)	0.016
Myocardial infarction	2,957 (1.65)	180 (2.58)	1.46 (1.26–1.70)	<0.001	1.33 (1.07–1.64)	0.009	0.90 (0.82–0.98)	0.013
CHD	10,170 (5.74)	605 (8.82)	1.40 (1.28–1.54)	<0.001	1.15 (1.01–1.32)	0.032	0.90 (0.86–0.95)	<0.001
CVD mortality	735 (0.37)	42 (0.54)	1.28 (0.98–1.66)	0.065	1.17 (0.80–1.72)	0.42	0.92 (0.79–1.06)	0.26
All-cause mortality	6,504 (3.26)	331 (4.25)	1.16 (1.04–1.29)	0.009	1.03 (0.87–1.21)	0.75	0.96 (0.90–1.02)	0.17

CVD, cardiovascular disease; CHD, coronary heart disease; BW, birth weight; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.

^†Model 1: adjusted for age and sex.

^‡Model 2: additionally adjusted for ethnicity, TDI, education, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, vegetable and fruit consumptions, maternal smoking, breastfed as a baby, part of multiple birth, aspirin use, non-aspirin NSAID use, vitamin, mineral and other dietary supplement use, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia.