Table 1.
Summary Statistics for the BDI and the PAM Items (N = 200).
| Item/Questions (Range) | Mean ± SD | |
|---|---|---|
| BDI-1 | Sadness (0-3) | .2 ± .41 |
| BDI-2 | Discouraged about future (0-3) | .1 ± .32 |
| BDI-3 | Feeling a failure (0-3) | .1 ± .43 |
| BDI-4 | Loss of satisfaction (0-3) | .3 ± .56 |
| BDI-5 | Feeling guilty (0-3) | .2 ± .45 |
| BDI-6 | Punishment feelings (0-3) | .1 ± .49 |
| BDI-7 | Self-dislike (0-3) | .2 ± .44 |
| BDI-8 | Critical of self (0-3) | .3 ± .52 |
| BDI-9 | Suicidal ideation (0-3) | .02 ± .14 |
| BDI-10 | Crying (0-3) | .2 ± .48 |
| BDI-11 | Irritability (0-3) | .4 ± .76 |
| BDI-12 | Loss of interest in people (0-3) | .2 ± .53 |
| BDI-13 | Difficulty with decisions (0-3) | .1 ± .40 |
| BDI-14 | Look unattractive (0-3) | .4 ± .65 |
| BDI-15 | Work inhibition (0-3) | .4 ± .57 |
| BDI-16 | Sleep disturbed (0-3) | .7 ± .80 |
| BDI-17 | Fatigue (0-3) | .6 ± .61 |
| BDI-18 | Anorexia (0-3) | .2 ± .47 |
| BDI-19 | Weight loss (0-3) | .3 ± .66 |
| BDI-20 | Worried about health (0-3) | .5 ± .57 |
| BDI-21 | Libido (0-3) | .7 ± .88 |
| Overall mean ± SD | 6.3 ± 6.46 | |
| PAM-1 | When all is said and done, I am the person who is responsible for taking care of my health (1-4) | 3.7 ± .54 |
| PAM-2 | Taking an active role in my own healthcare is the most important thing that affects my health (1-4) | 3.7 ± .59 |
| PAM-3 | I am confident I can help prevent or reduce problems associated with my health (1-4) | 3.6 ± .57 |
| PAM-4 | I know what each of my prescribed medications do (1-4) | 3.4 ± .58 |
| PAM-5 | I am confident that I can tell whether I need to go to the doctor or whether I can take care of a health problem myself (1-4) | 3.3 ± .57 |
| PAM-6 | I am confident that I can tell a doctor concerns I have even when he or she does not ask (1-4) | 3.3 ± .59 |
| PAM-7 | I am confident that I can follow through on medical treatments I may need to do at home (1-4) | 3.4 ± .55 |
| PAM-8 | I understand my health problems and what causes them (1-4) | 3.1 ± .68 |
| PAM-9 | I know what treatments are available for my health problems (1-4) | 2.9 ± .67 |
| PAM-10 | I have been able to maintain lifestyle changes, like eating right or exercising (1-4) | 2.9 ± .69 |
| PAM-11 | I know how to prevent problems with my health (1-4) | 2.9 ± .58 |
| PAM-12 | I am confident I can figure out solution when new problems arise with my health (1-4) | 2.9 ± .61 |
| PAM-13 | I am confident that I can maintain lifestyle changes, like eating right and exercising, even during times of stress (1-4) | 3.0 ± .72 |
| Overall mean ± SD | 41.9 ± 4.80 | |
| Pearson correlation between BDI score and PAM score, r (p) | −.28 (< .001) |
Abbreviations: BDI = Beck Depression Inventory, PAM = Patient Activation Measure, SD = standard deviation.