Figure 4.

Effects of STR exposure on the intestinal mucosal barrier in CDDP-induced renal injury model. Eight-week-old wild type male mice (n = 3–5) were orally preexposed to the vehicle or streptomycin (20 mg/mouse) for 24 h and then renal injury was induced with CDDP (20 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal administration for an additional 72 h. Results are representative of three independent experiments. (A) Secreted and intracellular mucins were stained with Alcian blue (blue colored, magnification 400×, scale bar: 100 μm). Relative levels of the secreted mucin were measured (the lower graph). The results are shown as a plot with Tukey whiskers and the different letters (a–c) over each box represent significant differences between groups (p < 0.05). (B) Representative images of the intestinal mucosa with Gram staining [magnification 200×, scale bar(s) 100 μm]. The mucosal layer thickness was measured (the lower graph). The results are shown as a plot with Tukey whiskers and the different letters (a–c) over each box represent significant differences between groups (p < 0.05). (C) The bacteria detected in the mesenteric lymph node (MLN) were quantified. The different letters represent significant differences between groups using ANOVA with Newman–Keuls method as a post hoc ANOVA assessment (p < 0.05).