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. 2022 Mar 24;13:807955. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.807955

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Copyright © 2022 Turner, Muraoka, Bedenbaugh, Childress, Pernot, Wiencek and Peterson.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Structural basis of lactam activity. (A) The D-Ala-D-Ala amino acid is depicted in red. (B) The 1st generation penam ampicillin is depicted in black. (C) D-Ala-D-Ala dipeptide overlay with the β-lactam ampicillin antibiotic.