Table 6.
Teacher efficacy, teacher morale and appraisal (2019–2020)
| Teacher efficacy | Morale | Appraisal and recognition | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Engagement | Instruction | Management | |||
| Fixed effects | |||||
| Initial status | |||||
| Intercept (95% CI) | 7.16 (7.04 to 7.29)* | 7.27 (7.15 to 7.39)* | 7.58 (7.46 to 7.69)* | 4.05 (3.91 to 4.20)* | 3.74 (3.58 to 3.90)* |
| Baseline difference (95% CI) | 0.09 (− 0.13 to 0.30) | 0.14 (− 0.07 to 0.34) | − 0.02 (− 0.22 to 0.18) | 0.08 (− 0.15 to 0.31) | − 0.09 (− 0.34 to 0.16) |
| Change over time—2019 cohort | |||||
| Term 1–Term 3 (95% CI) | 0.09 (− 0.06 to 0.24) | 0.14 (0.02 to 0.27)* | 0.07 (− 0.07 to 0.19) | 0.06 (− 0.05 to 0.16) | 0.13 (0.01 to 0.26)* |
| Term 1–Term 4 (95% CI) | 0.35 (0.20 to 0.49)* | 0.41 (0.28 to 0.54)* | 0.23 (0.09 to 0.36)* | 0.16 (0.06 to 0.26)* | − 0.01 (− 0.15 to 0.13) |
| Change over time to 2020 vs 2019 | |||||
| Term 1–Term 3 (95% CI) | − 0.13 (− 0.39 to 0.12) | 0.12 (− 0.10 to 0.34) | 0.08 (− 0.15 to 0.30) | − 0.13 (− 0.31 to 0.05) | − 0.19 (− 0.41 to 0.02) |
| Term 1–Term 4 (95% CI) | − 0.28 (− 0.52 to − 0.04)* | − 0.05 (− 0.27 to 0.16) | 0.06 (− 0.17 to 0.28) | − 0.24 (− 0.41 to − 0.08)* | − 0.04 (− 0.27 to 0.19) |
| Effect size over time to 2020 vs 2019 | |||||
| Term 1–Term 3 (95% CI) | − 0.14 (− 0.39 to 0.12) | 0.13 (− 0.11 to 0.38) | 0.09 (− 0.17 to 0.34) | − 0.16 (− 0.38 to 0.06) | − 0.21 (− 0.43 to 0.02) |
| Term 1–Term 4 (95% CI) | − 0.29 (− 0.53 to − 0.04)* | − 0.06 (− 0.30 to 0.18) | 0.06 (− 0.19 to 0.31) | − 0.30 (− 0.51 to − 0.10)* | − 0.04 (− 0.28 to 0.20) |
| Variance components | |||||
| Intercept (School) | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.21 (0.14 to 0.31)* | 0.18 (0.1 to 0.32)* |
| Change over time to 2020 vs 2019 | |||||
| Completers | |||||
| Term 1–Term 3 (95% CI) | − 0.23 (− 0.52 to 0.06) | 0.11 (− 0.14 to 0.35) | 0.05 (− 0.21 to 0.3) | − 0.07 (− 0.27 to 0.12) | − 0.15 (− 0.40 to 0.09) |
| Term 1–Term 4 (95% CI) | − 0.30 (− 0.59 to − 0.01)* | − 0.07 (− 0.33 to 0.19) | 0.07 (− 0.2 to 0.34) | − 0.19 (− 0.38 to 0.00)* | − 0.02 (− 0.28 to 0.25) |
| Imputed data | |||||
| Term 1–Term 3 (95% CI) | − 0.10 (− 0.40 to 0.20) | 0.12 (− 0.14 to 0.39) | 0.11 (− 0.15 to 0.37) | − 0.12 (− 0.37 to 0.12) | − 0.27 (− 0.56 to 0.01) |
| Term 1–Term 4 (95% CI) | − 0.26 (− 0.57 to 0.05) | − 0.05 (− 0.32 to 0.22) | 0.06 (− 0.22 to 0.34) | − 0.32 (− 0.56 to − 0.07)* | − 0.10 (− 0.40 to 0.21) |
CI confidence interval
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001