Table 5. Explicit motor learning within group and between group differences.

	Control: Reaching outward			CNP: Reaching outward			Mann-Whitney
Block	M (sec)	SD	a p-value	M (sec)	SD	a p-value	U	e p-value
EB1	10.57	2.77		11.32	2.19		129	0.091
EB2	9.54	2.24	b 0.007	10.45	2.08	b 0.013	132	0.172
PRB3	18.78	1.12	c <0.001	19.56	1.29	c <0.001	153	0.454
EB16	8.69	1.38	d 0.027	9.62	1.93	d 0.332	133	0.182
	Control: Reaching inward			CNP: Reaching inward			Mann-Whitney
Block	M (sec)	SD	a p-value	M (sec)	SD	a p-value	U	e p-value
EB1	10.38	2.60		11.20	1.80		119	0.081
EB2	9.68	2.52	b 0.007	10.01	1.50	b 0.027	141	0.271
PRB3	11.65	2.66	c <0.001	11.47	2.41	c 0.013	175	0.918
EB16	8.46	1.49	d 0.001	9.12	1.57	d 0.013	132	0.172

^a p-values calculated using a Sign test.

^b = EB2 –EB1 (comparison of performance change over explicit motor learning blocks).

^c = PRB3 –EB2 (comparison of pseudo-random catch block to explicit motor learning block).

^d = EB16 –EB2 (comparison of explicit motor learning over time).

U = Mann-Whitney U test statistic,

^ep-values calculated using a Mann-Whitney U test.