Table I.
Regulation of radiotherapy by targeting antioxidant enzyme systems.
| Gene name | Targeting antioxidant system | Mechanism of effect | (Refs.) |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLC7A11 | GSH system | Contributes to GSH synthesis | (65) |
| GPX4 | GSH system | Converts GSH into oxidized glutathione | (65) |
| Nrf2 | Trx system | Targets Trxr1 activity | (73,119) |
| Nrf2 | Trx system | Targets Trx1 activity | (73) |
| Nrf2 | Trx system | Targets Prx1 activity | (75) |
| Nrf2 | GSH system | Targets Prx6 activity | (76) |
| Nrf2 | GSH system | Targets GPX2 activity | (74) |
| Nrf2 | GSH system | Targets GCLC activity | (77) |
| Nrf2 | GSH system | Targets SLC7A11 activity | (71) |
| HIF-1 | GSH system | Targets GPX3 activity | (116) |
| NF-κB | GSH system | Targets GPX4 activity | (93) |
| NF-κB | SOD system | Targets SOD2 activity | (96,97) |
| TNFα | GSH system | Targets GPX4 activity | (93) |
| p53 | GSH system | Targets GPX1 activity | (89) |
| p53 | SOD system | Targets SOD2 activity | (89) |
| FoxO3a | SOD system | Targets SOD2 activity | (101,103) |
| FoxO4 | SOD system | Targets SOD2 activity | (105) |
| FoxO3a | Trx system | Targets Prx3 activity | (102,103) |
| FoxO3a | CAT system | Targets CAT activity | (102,103) |
GSH, glutathione; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; ErbB, Erb-b receptor tyrosine kinase; FoxO, forkhead box protein O; SLC7A11, solute carrier family 7 member 11; GPX4, glutathione reductase 4; SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; Trx, thioredoxin; Trxr, Trx reductase; Nrf2, nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2; Prx, peroxiredoxin.