Skip to main content
. 2022 Mar 31;2022:1507097. doi: 10.1155/2022/1507097

Table 1.

Characteristics of the included studies.

Author Year Group Sample size Age (years) Sex (M/F) Weight (kg) Mode Bolus (mg kg−1) Infusion (μg kg−1 min−1) Dose in IV-PCA(mg ml−1) Timing Postoperative Opioid Control
Javery 1996 Ketamine 22 37.3 ± 9.9 18/4 78.2 ± 13.1 IV-PCA     1.0 Postoperative Morphine Basic
Control 20 39.5 ± 7.2 18/2 83.9 ± 10.7
Sahin 2004 Ketamine 17 46.5 ± 7.3 9/8 80.4 ± 16.1 B 0.5     Intraoperative Morphine Saline
Control 14 46.1 ± 13.3 8/6 78.7 ± 13.2  
Aveline 2006 Ketamine 23 48.3 ± 12.3 11/12 74.2 ± 6.3 B 0.15     Intraoperative Morphine Basic
Control 23 44.4 ± 11.2 10/13 68.4 ± 12.8  
Engelhardt 2008 Ketamine 16 14.8 ± 1.7 2/14 59.3 ± 16.5 B+ivgtt 0.5 4.0   Intraoperative Morphine Saline
Control 18 15.5 ± 1.2 3/15 56.5 ± 10.4  
Moustafa 2008 Ketamine 16 13.1 ± 5.08 7/9 39.7 ± 8.63 ivgtt   1.0   Intraoperative Morphine Basic
Control 16 12.8 ± 6.07 6/10 34.6 ± 9.68  
Urban 2008 Ketamine 12 53 ± 12   80 ± 19 B+ivgtt 0.2 0.03   Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Hydromorphone Saline
Control 12 48 ± 9   78 ± 19  
Hadi 2009 Ketamine 20 22 ± 2 7/13 55 ± 15 ivgtt   1.0   Intraoperative Morphine Basic
Control 20 21 ± 2 8/12 54 ± 13    
Hadi 2010 Ketamine 15 56.1 ± 10.5 7/8 66 ± 13 ivgtt   1.0   Intraoperative Morphine Saline
Control 15 53.5 ± 10.2 3/12 68 ± 12    
Loftus 2010 Ketamine 52 51.7 ± 14.2 33/19 95.4 ± 17.7 B+ivgtt 0.5 10.0   Intraoperative Morphine Saline
Control 50 51.4 ± 14.4 28/22 89.3 ± 23.8  
Subramaniam 2011 Ketamine 15 57.2 ± 12.2 8/7 86.2 ± 24.4 B+ivgtt 0.15 2.0   Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Hydromorphone Saline
Control 15 56.5 ± 13.6 7/8 81.4 ± 19.2  
Abrishamkar 2012 Ketamine 22 49 ± 1.32 5/18       ivgtt   8.33   Postoperative Morphine Basic
Control 23 45 ± 1.64 10/12          
Pacreu 2012 Ketamine 10 52.9 ± 12.6 3/7 69.5 ± 7.2 B+ivgtt+IV-PCA 0.5 2.5 0.5 Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Methadone Saline
Control 10 61.3 ± 11.7 3/7 75.9 ± 9.8
Yeom 2012 Ketamine 20 61.0 ± 10.0 5/15 59.1 ± 13.5 B+ivgtt 0.2 0.5   Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Fentanyl Saline
Control 20 64.5 ± 11.5 7/13 64.8 ± 10.6  
Hadi 2013 Ketamine 30 55 ± 2.5 13/17 70 ± 2.5 ivgtt   1.0   Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Morphine Saline
Control 15 51 ± 2.5 8/7 71 ± 2.6    
Kim 2013 Ketamine 35 56 ± 9.5 15/20 63.4 ± 10.5 B+ivgtt 0.5 1.0-2.0   Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Fentanyl Saline
Control 17 56 ± 13 9/8 66 ± 13  
Song 2013 Ketamine 24 52.3 ± 8.8 0/24 59 ± 7 B+ivgtt 0.3 0.04   Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Fentanyl Saline
Control 25 53.8 ± 7.8 0/25 60 ± 10  
Pestieau 2014 Ketamine 29 14.3 ± 1.8 5/24 60 ± 18 B+ivgtt 0.5 0.1-0.2   Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Morphine Saline
Control 21 14.5 ± 1.5 7/14 59 ± 14  
Minoshima 2015 Ketamine 17 15 ± 2 1/16 45 ± 6 B+ivgtt 0.5 2.0   Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Morphine Saline
Control 19 14 ± 2 0/19 46 ± 4  
Garg 2016 Ketamine 22 36.5 ± 13.4 13/9 61.5 ± 14.6 B+ivgtt 0.25 4.2   Postoperative Morphine Saline
Control 22 36.3 ± 14.3 16/6 65.3 ± 15.5  
Mitra 2017 Ketamine 14 33.9 ± 17.2 7/7 56.4 ± 10.1 B+ivgtt 0.5 4.2   Intraoperative Fentanyl Saline
Control 14 33.5 ± 15.2 6/8 57.9 ± 11.3    
Nielsen 2017 Ketamine 74 57 ± 14 28/46 77 ± 14 B+ivgtt 0.5 4.2   Intraoperative Morphine Saline
Control 73 55 ± 13 21/52 78 ± 18  
Perello ´ 2017 Ketamine 21 14.3 ± 1.9 5/16 54.3 ± 10.8 B+ivgtt 0.5 2.0   Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Morphine Saline
Control 23 14.3 ± 1.8 6/17 57.6 ± 12.6  
Boenigk 2018 Ketamine 49 54.5 ± 13.4 24/25 78.5 ± 7.2 B+ivgtt 0.2 2   Postoperative Hydromorphone Saline
Control 62 55.7 ± 13.2 29/33 85.4 ± 11.5  
Czarnetzki 2019 Ketamine 80 65.8 ± 13.8 39/41 79.8 ± 4.3 B+ivgtt 0.25 1.67-4.17   Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Morphine Saline
Control 80 65.6 ± 12.6 42/38 79.7 ± 3.4  
Brinck 2020 Ketamine 127 54.2 ± 13.2 40/87 76 ± 14 B+ivgtt 0.5 2-10   Intraoperative Oxycodone Saline
Control 62 55.5 ± 12 26/36 79 ± 15  
Ricciardelli 2020 Ketamine 24 13.4 ± 1.7 2/22 60.9 ± 17.4 B+ivgtt 0.5 3.33   Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Morphine Saline
Control 25 14.7 ± 2.2 8/17 61.6 ± 14.2  
Andleeb 2021 Ketamine 30 43.8 ± 14.6 15/15 57.4 ± 11.4 ivgtt   8.33   Intraoperative Morphine Saline
Control 30 39.8 ± 14.1 14/16 58 ± 12.7    
Brinck 2021 Ketamine 75 60 ± 13.5 41/34 77.1 ± 14.5 IV-PCA     0.25-0.75 Postoperative Oxycodone Saline
Control 25 56 ± 11 14/11 77.7 ± 15.6    
Murphy 2021 Ketamine 66 59.3 ± 16.4 32/34 64 ± 11 ivgtt   1.67-5.00   Intraoperative
Postoperative		 Hydromorphone Saline
Control 61 65.3 ± 10.6 27/34 62 ± 11    
Nikoubakht 2021 Ketamine 29 52.8 ± 12.2 17/12       ivgtt   1.67   Intraoperative Morphine Saline
Control 29 53.8 ± 13.9 18/11          

B indicates intravenous bolus; ivgtt, intravenously guttae; IV-PCA, intravenous patient-controlled analgesia.