TABLE 2.
Characteristics of participants ≥65 years of age grouped by quartile of brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity and flow‐mediated dilation
| Quartile of baPWV, cm/s in patients ≥65 years of age | Quartile of FMD, %in patients ≥65Years of age | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||
| (874–1562) | (1562.5–1770) | (1770.5–2016) | (2016.5–3539) | p‐value | (5.5–16.8) | (3.6–5.4) | (2.2–3.5) | (0–2.1) | p‐value | |
| Number of subjects | 281 | 282 | 281 | 281 | 279 | 282 | 272 | 292 | ||
| Age, years | 69.8 ± 4.8 | 70.7 ± 4.7 | 72.2 ± 5.7 | 74.3 ± 6.1 | <.001 | 71.7 ± 5.7 | 71.4 ± 5.3 | 72.2 ± 5.8 | 71.6 ± 5.7 | .323 |
| Female, N (%) | 163 (58.0) | 166 (58.9) | 183 (65.1) | 189 (67.3) | .057 | 174 (62.4) | 190 (67.4) | 168 (61.8) | 169 (57.9) | .135 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.0 ± 3.2 | 26.0 ± 3.3 | 25.2 ± 3.4 | 25.1 ± 3.5 | <.001 | 25.2 ± 3.4 | 25.80 ± 3.2 | 25.7 ± 3.5 | 25.5 ± 3.5 | .169 |
| Current smoking, N (%) | 37 (13.2) | 35 (12.4) | 28 (10.0) | 25 (8.9) | .477 | 30 (10.8) | 36 (12.8) | 23 (8.5) | 36 (12.3) | .534 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 160.3 ± 18.0 | 166.8 ± 18.3 | 167.9 ± 17.7 | 174.1 ± 19.7 | <.001 | 164.9 ± 18.4 | 167.4 ± 18.3 | 167.6 ± 18.5 | 169.0 ± 20.6 | .077 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 94.1 ± 13.1 | 97.3 ± 13.7 | 97.6 ± 14.0 | 97.7 ± 13.2 | .004 | 96.6 ± 13.0 | 97.6 ± 13.7 | 95.1 ± 13.4 | 97.3 ± 14.1 | .129 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 99.7 ± 20.4 | 99.5 ± 21.1 | 102.2 ± 21.9 | 96.7 ± 18.6 | .018 | 99.2 ± 19.4 | 100.5 ± 21.6 | 99.1 ± 21.3 | 99.3 ± 20.1 | .825 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.8 ± 1.0 | 4.9 ± 1.1 | 4.9 ± 1.1 | 5.0 ± 1.0 | .261 | 4.9 ± 1.1 | 4.9 ± 1.1 | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 4.8 ± 1.0 | .839 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.2 (.9–1.7) | 1.3 (1.0–1.9) | 1.3 (.9–1.8) | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | .637 | 1.2 (.9–1.7) | 1.3 (1.0–1.9) | 1.3 (1.0–1.8) | 1.2 (.9–1.7) | .958 |
| HDL‐C, mmol/L | 1.2 ± .3 | 1.2 ± .3 | 1.3 ± .3 | 1.2 ± .3 | .117 | 1.2 ± .3 | 1.2 ± .3 | 1.2 ± .3 | 1.2 ± .3 | .978 |
| LDL‐C, mmol/L | 2.6 ± .7 | 2.7 ± .8 | 2.7 ± .7 | 2.7 ± .7 | .520 | 2.7 ± .7 | 2.7 ± .8 | 2.7 ± .7 | 2.7 ± .7 | .767 |
| UACR, N (%) | 37 (13.2) | 46 (16.3) | 57 (20.3) | 98 (34.9) | <.001 | 60 (21.5) | 58 (20.6) | 53 (19.5) | 67 (22.9) | .778 |
| CIMT ≥.9 mm, N (%) | 261 (92.9) | 274 (97.2) | 273 (97.2) | 276 (98.2) | .004 | 266 (95.3) | 272 (96.5) | 261 (96.0) | 285 (97.6) | .523 |
| LVEF, % | 58.6 ± 1.1 | 58.7 ± 1.4 | 58.6 ± 1.3 | 58.4 ± 2.0 | .083 | 58.6 ± 1.3 | 58.6 ± 1.7 | 58.4 ± 1.7 | 58.6 ± 1.2 | .409 |
| LVH, N (%) | 150 (53.4) | 184 (65.2) | 182 (64.8) | 184 (65.5) | .006 | 174 (62.4) | 181 (64.2) | 165 (60.7) | 180 (61.6) | .852 |
| Diabetes mellitus, N (%) | 68 (24.2) | 79 (28.0) | 86 (30.6) | 109 (38.8) | .002 | 74 (26.5) | 82 (29.1) | 92 (33.8) | 94 (32.2) | .244 |
| Stable angina, N (%) | 68 (24.2) | 83 (29.4) | 73 (26.0) | 79 (28.1) | .514 | 70 (25.1) | 66 (23.4) | 72 (26.5) | 95 (32.5) | .073 |
Abbreviations: BaPWV, brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity; BMI, body mass index; CIMT, carotid intima‐media thickness; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FMD, flow‐mediated dilation; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; UACR, urine albumin–creatinine ratio.