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. 2022 Apr 7;5:332. doi: 10.1038/s42003-022-03289-w

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — A Detection of DCST1/2 and IZUMO1. FLAG-tagged DCST1, HA-tagged DCST2, and 1D4-tagged IZUMO1 were detected in HEK293T cells overexpressing Dcst1-3xFLAG, Dcst2-3xHA, and Izumo1-1D4. B, C Observation of ZP-free eggs incubated with HEK293T cells overexpressing Dcst1/2 and Izumo1. The HEK293T cells overexpressing Dcst1 or Dcst2 did not attach to the oocyte membrane. Even when the HEK cells overexpressing Dcst1/2 were used for the assay, these cells failed to bind to ZP-free eggs. The HEK293T cells overexpressing Dcst1/2 and Izumo1 could bind to the oocyte membrane but could not fuse with an egg. n.s.: not significant (p = 0.28). The scale bars are 100 μm. All values are shown as the mean ± SD.