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. 2021 Dec 22;29(18):27051–27069. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-18032-x

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© The Author(s) 2021

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Fig. 10 — SEM micrographs (a,b) and TEM/EDX (c,d) analysis of the collected particulate matter from 3R4F smoke (sampling at high gas phase concentration of smoke), which was heated to 200 °C for an hour in a furnace in an air atmosphere to vaporize the excess carbonaceous material. The grid sample prior heating is shown in (a). The copper grid and carbon foil areas are indicated with lines in the figure. The whole sample is covered with featureless organic material, no individual particles are visible. In (b) is the SEM micrograph of the sample after heating showing several particles (some indicated by arrows). According to the TEM analyses (c, d), the particles (some indicated by arrows in (c)) composed mainly of potassium (K). The X-ray spectrum in (d) is measured from the particle visible inside the circle in (c)