TABLE 2.

The role of pyroptosis in CNS trauma.

Disease	Intervention	Target	Function and mechanism	Reference
TBI	MCC950; JC124; Gene knockout	NLRP3	Reduce protein expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, IL-1 beta, inhibit pyrolysis, and reduce brain damage	Kuwar et al. (2019), Ismael et al. (2018)
	CORM-3	NLRP3/GSDMD/Cleaved caspase-1	Effectively resist neuroinflammation, inhibit pyroptosis, and improve prognosis	Zhang et al. (2021)
	Rhein	Caspase-1/GSDMD/IL-1β/IL-18	Inhibit TBI-induced neuronal pyrolysis to alleviate neurological deficits.	Bi et al. (2020)
	siRNA knockdown and VX-765	Caspase-1	Ablation of caspase-1 can inhibit TBI-induced pyrolysis and nerve function damage	Liu et al. (2018)
	Ac-YVAD-cmk	Caspase-1; NLRs and AIM2 inflammasome	Inhibition of caspase-1 blocks the assembly of NLRs and AIM2 inflammasomes, thereby inhibiting pyrolysis	Ge et al. (2018)
SCI	BAY87-2243; MK2206	HIF-1α inhibitor; AKT inhibitor	CD73 exerts an anti-pyroptosis effect in SCI through PI3K-AKT-Foxo1 signaling pathway	Xu et al. (2021)
	A438079	P2X7R and Caspase-1	Inhibition of P2X7R activation further inhibits caspase-1 activation and promotes the functional recovery of mice after SCI	Jiang W et al. (2017), Wang et al. (2015)
	Celastrol; kaempferol	Inflammation and pyroptosis	Celastrol and kaempferol exerts a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting the inflammation caused by microglia pyrolysis and excessive activation after SCI	Dai et al. (2019), Liu Z et al. (2021)
	Wogonoside	NF-kB/TLR4	Reduces neuronal loss and pyroptosis; Improves functional recovery.	Zhu et al. (2017)
	Quercetin	NLRP3/IL-1b/IL-18	Inhibit pyroptosis, promote neuroprotective axon regeneration, and promote neurological rehabilitation	Jiang et al. (2016)