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. 2022 Mar 25;13:859177. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.859177

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Copyright © 2022 Tarannum, Romee and Shapiro

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Overview of NK cell isolation, expansion, and in vivo persistence. NK cells can be isolated and/or generated from peripheral blood (PB), cord blood (CB), or human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) sources. They are expanded ex vivo using various strategies including cytokine combinations, feeder cells, lipid membranes or biomaterials that carry surface markers to provide biochemical cues. In vivo persistence of NK cells can be accomplished using cytokines like IL-15 and/or cytokine-induced memory-like (CIML) NK cells that have shown long term persistence in an immune compatible environment. Illustration created using BioRender.com.