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. 2022 Mar 14;18(6):2484–2496. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.69802

Figure 2.

Figure 2

TGFβ1 activates FAO to induce metabolic reprogramming in CRC cells. HCT116 cells were treated with TGFβ1 for 0 (marked TGFβ1-) or 6 days (marked TGFβ1+). (A) Glucose consumption and (B) lactate production in HCT116 cells of the designated group. (C) Mito Fuel Flex test showed dependence on the oxidation of glucose (GLC), glutamine (GLN), or fatty acid (FA) in HCT116 cells of the designated group. (D) BODIPY-FA uptake in HCT116 cells treated with TGFβ1 as indicated. (E) UPLC-MS/MS analysis of carnitines in HCT116 cells of the designated group. (F) β-oxidation assay and (G) Intracellular ATP levels in HCT116 cells of the designated groups. Data are shown as mean values ± S.D. of independent, triplicate experiments. The asterisks (**, ***) indicate significant differences (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively).