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. 2022 Mar 25;16:796129. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.796129

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Copyright © 2022 Serrano, Kim, Petrinovic, Turkheimer and Cash.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Chemical synapse and targets for measuring synaptic density. (A) The main components of the bipartite synapse: a presynaptic and a postsynaptic neuron, separated by a synaptic cleft. In this synapse we have highlighted the two main targets involved in the methods currently available to quantify or assess synaptic density levels: (B) the dendritic spines (whose density and morphology are typically evaluated with different ex vivo methods) and (C) the proteins involved in synaptic transmission, including synaptic vesicle (SV), presynaptic and postsynaptic proteins present in excitatory and inhibitory synapses (which are quantified through ex vivo and in vivo methods). Adapted from “Synaptic Cleft (Horizontal),” by BioRender.com (2021). Retrieved from https://app.biorender.com/biorender-templates.