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. 2022 Mar 25;13:842860. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.842860

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Copyright © 2022 Boyling, Perez-Siles and Kennerson.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The role of 3D genome organisation in long-range gene regulation (A) The folding of chromatin brings distant sequences into close proximity enabling the formation of long-range interactions between genes and distal regulatory elements (B) The genome is organised into topologically associating domains (TADs), which act as local regulatory hubs. Sequences of DNA located within the same TAD can interact frequently with each other (black arrows), while chromatin interactions spanning TAD boundaries are much less common (red dotted lines). This restricts the activity of regulatory elements to the appropriate genes. Image created with BioRender.com.

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