Table 2.
Healthcare-Seeking Among Case-Patients in Youth Camp–Associated AGE Outbreaks Reported to NORS from 2009 through 2016 (N = 226)a
| Etiology | Case-Patients Who Sought Outpatient Healthcareb,c |
Case-Patients Who Visited the EDc |
Hospitalized Case-Patientsc |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| Viruses | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Norovirus | 445 | 19.3 | 125 | 5.1 | 31 | 1.0 |
|
| ||||||
| Sapovirus | 17 | 60.7 | 1 | 3.6 | 1 | 3.6 |
|
| ||||||
| Bacteria | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Campylobacter spp | 20 | 21.5 | 9 | 9.9 | 0 | 0.0 |
|
| ||||||
| Clostridium spp | 8 | 3.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
|
| ||||||
| STEC | 18 | 23.7 | 11 | 14.5 | 13 | 9.6 |
|
| ||||||
| Salmonella spp | 70 | 25.2 | 22 | 12.1 | 12 | 4.5 |
|
| ||||||
| Shigella sonnei | 2 | 15.4 | 1 | 7.7 | 1 | 7.7 |
|
| ||||||
| Staphylococcus spp | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
|
| ||||||
| Parasites | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Cryptosporidium spp | 32 | 38.6 | 5 | 5.2 | 0 | 0.0 |
|
| ||||||
| Giardia spp | 10 | 90.9 | 1 | 9.1 | 0 | 0.0 |
|
| ||||||
| Multiple etiologiesd | 38 | 55.9 | 6 | 8.7 | 1 | 1.4 |
|
| ||||||
| Unknown | 65 | 5.7 | 22 | 1.9 | 1 | 0.1 |
|
| ||||||
| Total | 725 | 16.7 | 203 | 4.6 | 60 | 1.1 |
Abbreviations: AGE, acute gastroenteritis; ED, emergency department; NORS, National Outbreak Reporting System; STEC, Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli.
a
Not all percentages total to 100%, because each percentage was calculated using a different denominator.
b
Does not include ED visits.
c
Categories are not mutually exclusive. Each case-patient was counted only once per visit type (ie, outpatient visit, ED visit, hospital admission); however, any patient who sought multiple types of healthcare was counted in each column.
d
Etiologies are listed in Table 1.