Table 3.

Saccharification rates (%) of cellulose and hemicellulose in glucose, xylose and arabinose and production of inhibitors after acid hydrolysis procedures, as well for enzymatic hydrolysis (means ± SD). Remaining cellulose and hemicellulose in samples after hydrolysis processes and conversion rate (%) of cellulose and hemicellulose in glucose and xylose.

Acid hydrolysis
Sugars/Compounds	Acid concentration (%)	Saccharification rates (%)
		Sulphuric acid		Acetic acid
		15 min	60 min	15 min	60 min
Glucose	0.5	1.6 ± 0.03	2.4 ± 0.04	0.1 ± 0.01	0.12 ± 0.08
	2	4.8 ± 0.01	5.4 ± 0.02	0.1 ± 0.05	0.12 ± 0.05
	3.5	6.1 ± 0.03	6.6 ± 0.09	0.08 ± 0.03	0.1 ± 0.09
Xylose	0.5	22.1 ± 0.6	21.0 ± 0.06	0.22 ± 0.01	0.05 ± 0.01
	2	31.2 ± 0.02	34.7 ± 0.03	0.05 ± 0.07	0.11 ± 0.05
	3.5	38.0 ± 0.09	40.1 ± 0.01	0.71 ± 0.03	0.16 ± 0.07
Arabinose	0.5	12.5 ± 0.05	32.2 ± 0.04	4.47 ± 0.01	5.4 ± 0.03
	2	26.8 ± 0.01	52.7 ± 0.07	8.04 ± 0.04	14.3 ± 0.05
	3.5	27.7 ± 0.06	81.3 ± 0.01	8.04 ± 0.03	11.6 ± 0.08
HMF	0.5	0.083 ± 0.97	0.077 ± 1.46	0.086 ± 1.23	0.088 ± 0.29
	2	0.084 ± 0.11	0.078 ± 1.94	0.087 ± 0.17	0.090 ± 0.55
	3.5	0.087 ± 1.77	0.097 ± 1.95	0.089 ± 0.56	0.094 ± 0.75
Acetic acid	0.5	1.1 ± 97.75	1.2 ± 138.50	0.3 ± 193.08	0.4 ± 177.69
	2	1.3 ± 43.76	1.6 ± 4.61	1.5 ± 216.08	1.8 ± 176.04
	3.5	1.5 ± 7.46	2.5 ± 196.45	2.7 ± 166.78	2.9 ± 153.96

Enzymatic hydrolysis
Procedure	Remaining concentration of Cellulose (g/L)	Remaining concentration of Hemicellulose (g/L)
GSWE-red/ First	6.06 ± 0.06	8.08 ± 0.06
GSWE-red/ Second	2.15 ± 0.39	0.004 ± 0.15
Process	Glucose (%)	Xylose (%)
First saccharification	25.97	82.73
Second saccharification	12.9	3.27
Total (some of two processes)	38.87	86.00