Table 2.
Mechanisms of antihypertensive peptides other than ACE inhibition.
| Protein sources | Bioactive peptide | Cell line/Animal Model | Activities | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rapeseed and Captopril | CL and VAP | Rat | ↑ 12.7% (NO) ↑ 74.1% (eNOS) |
(Wang et al., 2021) |
| Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) | WF, YRK, and FQLFAS | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells | ↑ ≈33.3 % (NO) ↓ ≈50.0 % (ET-1) |
(Zhao et al., 2019) |
| Rice Bran Protein hydrosylate | 2 K-1C hypertensive rats | ↑ ≈37.5 % (NO) ↑ eNOS expression |
(Boonla et al., 2015) | |
| Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) | VASVI, IVDR and WYK |
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells | ↑ ≈10-20 % (NO) ↑ ≈ 500–900% eNOS expression ↑ ≈100 – 300% Akt expression |
(Oh et al., 2020a, Oh et al., 2020b) |
| Mucuna pruriens seeds | Peptide fraction | Human blood | 11.11 % ↓ platelet aggregation | (Herrera-Chalé et al., 2016) |
| Mucuna pruriens seeds | Peptide fraction | In vitro analysis | 0.47 % ↓ cholesterol micellar solubility | (Herrera-Chalé et al., 2016) |