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Relative mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines in colon tissues. (A) Caspase-1, (B) NLRP3, (C) IL-1β, (D) TLR4, and (E) TNF-α. NLRP3, NOD-like receptor protein 3; TLR4, toll-like receptor 4; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α. Different letters above the columns in each panel indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).
