Table 2.

Pharmacological features of PARP inhibitors

PARP inhibitor (trade name)	Dose/formulation	Mean half-life	Metabolism	Renal dose adjustment	Hepatic dose adjustment
Veliparib (ABT-888)	Not yet approved for any indication; differing doses in clinical trials; recommended phase II dose (MTD) for single agent veliparib is 400 mg BID[54]	5.2 hours[54]	Metabolism has a secondary role in clearance (mostly renal clearance). CYP2D6 is major enzyme metabolizing veliparib, with minor contribution from CYP1A2[55]	Not yet available	Not yet available
Rucaparib (Rubraca)	Two 300 mg tablets BID	17-19 hours	Primarily hepatic by CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4	CrCl ≥ 30 mL/min: no dose adjustment necessary; CrCl < 30 mL/min: has not been studied	Mild impairment: no dose adjustment necessary; Moderate-severe impairment: has not been studied
Olaparib (Lynparza)	Two 150 mg tablets BID, or three 100 mg tablets BID (replacing 400 mg capsules BID)	14.9 +/- 8.2 hours	Primarily hepatic by CYP3A4	CrCl 51-80 mL/min: no dose adjustment; CrCl 31-50 mL/min: dose reduction; CrCl < 30 mL/min: has not been studied	Mild to moderate impairment: no dose adjustment necessary; Severe impairment: has not been studied*
Niraparib (Zejula)	Three 100 mg capsules once daily	36 hours	Primarily by carboxylesterases	CrCl ≥ 30 mL/min: no dose adjustment necessary; CrCl < 30 mL/min: has not been studied	Mild impairment: no dose adjustment necessary; Moderate-severe impairment: has not been studied
Talazoparib (Talzenna)	1 mg capsule once daily	90 hours	Minimal hepatic metabolism; metabolic pathways include mono-oxidation, dehydrogenation, cysteine conjugation of mono-desfluoro-talazoparib, and glucuronide conjugation	CrCl 60-89 mL/min: no dose adjustment; CrCl 30-59 mL/min: dose adjustment; CrCl < 30 mL/min: has not been studied	Mild impairment: no dose adjustment necessary; Moderate-severe impairment: has not been studied

MTD: maximum tolerated dose; BID: twice a day; CrCl: creatinine clearance; *: For olaparib tablet formulation