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. 2022 Mar 25;13:809086. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.809086

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Copyright © 2022 Wang, He, Liu, Deng, Fan and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of sodium humate on clinical symptoms, jejunal, and colon pathological morphology of ETEC K88-infected mice. (A) Body weight change, days –7 to 0 were pre-infection, and days 0–4 were post-infection. (B) Spleen index of mice. (C) Diarrhea score. (D) Representative images of the jejunum (A1–A3) and colon (A4–A6) stained with H&E (200 μm). The red arrow points to the damaged jejunum and colon villus. (E) Jejunum (B1–B3) and colon (B4–B6) morphology shown by transmission electron microscopy (1 μm). MV, microvilli; TJ, Tight junction. The villus height (F), crypt depth (G), and the ratio of villus height and crypt depth of jejunum (H). The length (I), histological damage score (J), and crypt depth (K) of colon. All of the data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Different superscript lowercase letters within each group indicate significantly different (P < 0.05).