Table 1.
Histone modifications
| Amino acids | Modifications | Positions | Nomenclature | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arginine | Methylation | *H3R2/R8/R17/R26, H4R3, H2AR3 | R-me1, R-me2s, R-me2a | [5,6] |
| Citullination | *H3R2/R8/R17/R26/R42, H4R3, H2A, and H1 | R-citrulline | [7] | |
| Lysine | Methylation | *H3K9/K4/K36/K79/K27, H4K5/K20 | K-me1, K-me2, K-me3 | [8] |
| Acetylation | *H3K9/K14/K56, H4K5/K12/K16 | K-acetyl | [9,10] | |
| Propionylation | *H3K14 | K-propionyl | [11] | |
| Butyrylation | *H3K14, H4K5/K8 | K-butyryl | [11,12] | |
| 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation | H2AK5/9/36/74/75/95/118, H2BK5/12/20/23/24/34/43/46/57/85/108/116/120,
H3K4/9/14/18/23/27/36/56/64/79/122 H4K5/8/12/16/31/44/59/77/79/91 |
K-2-hydroxyisobutyryl | [13] | |
| Malonylation | *H2AK119 | K-malonyl | [14] | |
| Succinylation | *H3K79 | K-succinyl | [15] | |
| Crotonylation | H2AK36/118/119/125, H2BK5/11/12/15/16/20/23/34
H3K4/9/18/23/27/56, H4K5/8/12/16 |
K-crotonyl | [16] |
*Specific positions which were identified to have certain effects in nuclear processes