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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jul 26.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Robot. 2022 Jan 26;7(62):eabj2908. doi: 10.1126/scirobotics.abj2908

Fig. 3. The results of phantom end-to-end anastomosis via LAP (n = 4), RAS (n = 4), and STAR (n = 5).

Fig. 3.

(A) Suture hesitancy events per stitch (additional suturing attempts per stitch). (B) Task completion time. (C) Suture spacing. (D) consistency of suture spacing via the coefficient of variance (COV). (E) Suture bite depth. (F) Consistency of bite depth via the coefficient of variance (COV). (G) Representative examples of the phantom end-to-end anastomosis test via LAP, RAS, and STAR including three-dimensional flow fields within each sample.