Table 2. Post hoc comparison between groups with significant differences in the ANCOVA analysis for the maturational status variables and bone-related kinanthropometric variables.
Test | Groups comparation | Model | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maturation group | Maturation group × Age | |||||||
Mean difference ± SD | p value | 95% CI | Mean difference ± SD | p value | 95% CI | |||
Maturity offset (years) | E | A | 1.16 ± 0.38 | 0.012 | 0.21 to 2.11 | 0.80 ± 0.12 | <0.001 | 0.50 to 1.09 |
E | L | 1.55 ± 0.50 | 0.010 | 0.30 to 2.80 | 1.69 ± 0.16 | <0.001 | 1.30 to 2.08 | |
A | L | 0.39 ± 0.40 | 1.000 | −0.61 to 1.39 | 0.89 ± 0.13 | <0.001 | 0.58 to 1.21 | |
APHV (years) | E | A | −0.76 ± 0.12 | <0.001 | −1.07 to −0.46 | −0.80 ± 0.12 | <0.001 | −1.09 to −0.50 |
E | L | −1.70 ± 0.16 | <0.001 | −2.09 to −1.30 | −1.69 ± 0.16 | <0.001 | −2.07 to −1.30 | |
A | L | −0.93 ± 0.13 | <0.001 | −1.25 to −0.62 | −0.89 ± 0.13 | <0.001 | −1.21 to -0.58 | |
Body mass (Kg) | E | A | 20.86 ± 3.84 | <0.001 | 11.29 to 30.42 | 18.92 ± 3.39 | <0.001 | 10.40 to 27.36 |
E | L | 30.75 ± 5.05 | <0.001 | 18.19 to 43.31 | 31.50 ± 4.41 | <0.001 | 20.52 to 42.48 | |
A | L | 9.89 ± 4.06 | 0.057 | −0.21 to 19.99 | 12.58 ± 3.61 | 0.003 | 3.59 to 21.56 | |
Height (cm) | E | A | 11.72 ± 2.97 | 0.001 | 4.34 to 19.11 | 9.91 ± 2.40 | <0.001 | 3.94 to 15.89 |
E | L | 19.09 ± 3.90 | <0.001 | 9.39 to 28.79 | 19.79 ± 3.12 | <0.001 | 12.02 to 27.57 | |
A | L | 7.36 ± 3.13 | 0.070 | −0.43 to 15.16 | 9.87 ± 2.55 | 0.001 | 3.51 to 16.24 | |
Arm span (cm) | E | A | 12.91 ± 3.31 | 0.001 | 4.69 to 21.14 | 11.30 ± 2.95 | 0.001 | 3.96 to 18.64 |
E | L | 20.78 ± 4.34 | <0.001 | 9.98 to 31.58 | 21.40 ± 3.83 | <0.001 | 11.86 to 30.95 | |
A | L | 7.86 ± 3.49 | 0.088 | −0.82 to 16.54 | 10.10 ± 3.14 | 0.007 | 2.29 to 17.91 | |
Sitting height (cm) | E | A | 6.00 ± 1.50 | 0.001 | 2.26 to 9.73 | 4.77 ± 0.88 | <0.001 | 2.57 to 6.98 |
E | L | 10.27 ± 1.97 | <0.001 | 5.37 to 15.81 | 10.75 ± 1.15 | <0.001 | 7.89 to 13.62 | |
A | L | 4.27 ± 1.58 | 0.029 | 0.33 to 8.22 | 5.97 ± 0.94 | <0.001 | 3.63 to 8.32 | |
Upper limb length (cm) | E | A | 5.50 ± 1.45 | 0.001 | 1.89 to 9.10 | 4.83 ± 1.31 | 0.002 | 1.56 to 8.11 |
E | L | 7.96 ± 1.90 | <0.001 | 3.22 to 12.70 | 8.22 ± 1.71 | <0.001 | 3.96 to 12.48 | |
A | L | 2.46 ± 1.53 | 0.344 | −1.34 to 6.27 | 3.38 ± 1.40 | 0.060 | −0.10 to 6.87 | |
Iliospinale height (cm) | E | A | 8.08 ± 5.11 | 0.362 | −4.62 to 20.79 | 6.10 ± 4.81 | 0.635 | −5.88 to 18.08 |
E | L | 16.00 ± 6.71 | 0.064 | −0.69 to 32.69 | 16.77 ± 6.26 | 0.031 | 1.20 to 32.35 | |
A | L | 7.91 ± 5.39 | 0.448 | −5.50 to 21.34 | 10.67 ± 5.12 | 0.129 | −2.08 to 23.42 | |
Biacromial breadth (cm) | E | A | 3.99 ± 0.84 | <0.001 | 1.90 to 6.08 | 3.45 ± 0.66 | <0.001 | 1.82 to 5.10 |
E | L | 5.51 ± 1.10 | <0.001 | 2.76 to 8.25 | 5.71 ± 0.86 | <0.001 | 3.58 to 7.85 | |
A | L | 1.51 ± 0.89 | 0.285 | −0.69 to 3.72 | 2.26 ± 0.70 | 0.007 | 0.52 to 4.01 | |
Biiliocrestal breadth (cm) | E | A | 3.40 ± 0.63 | <0.001 | 1.83 to 4.97 | 3.08 ± 0.55 | <0.001 | 1.70 to 4.45 |
E | L | 4.53 ± 0.83 | <0.001 | 2.47 to 6.58 | 4.65 ± 0.72 | <0.001 | 2.87 to 6.44 | |
A | L | 1.12 ± 0.67 | 0.293 | −0.53 to 2.78 | 1.58 ± 0.59 | 0.031 | 0.11 to 3.04 | |
Femur breadth (cm) | E | A | 0.70 ± 0.17 | <0.001 | 0.28 to 1.12 | 0.67 ±’.17 | 0.001 | 0.24 to 1.09 |
E | L | 1.27 ± 0.22 | <0.001 | 0.72 to 1.82 | 1.28 ± 0.22 | <0.001 | 0.73 to 1.83 | |
A | L | 0.57 ± 0.18 | 0.007 | 0.13 to 1.01 | 0.62 ± 0.18 | 0.004 | 0.17 to 1.07 | |
Humerus breadth (cm) | E | A | 0.43 ± 0.14 | 0.010 | 0.08 to 0.78 | 0.37 ± 0.13 | 0.018 | 0.05 to 0.69 |
E | L | 0.71 ± 0.18 | 0.001 | 0.25 to 1.16 | 0.72 ± 0.17 | <0.001 | 0.31 to 1.15 | |
A | L | 0.27 ± 0.15 | 0.212 | −0.09 to 0.64 | 0.36 ± 0.14 | 0.037 | 0.02 to 0.70 | |
Bi-styloid breadth (cm) | E | A | 0.16 ± 0.12 | 0.608 | −0.14 to 0.46 | 0.12 ± 0.12 | 0.945 | −0.17 to 0.41 |
E | L | 0.55 ± 0.16 | 0.004 | 0.15 to 0.95 | 0.56 ± 0.15 | 0.002 | 0.18 to 0.95 | |
A | L | 0.39 ± 0.13 | 0.012 | 0.07 to 0.71 | 0.44 ± 0.13 | 0.003 | 0.13 to 0.76 |
Notes.
- E
- Early maturers
- A
- Average maturers
- L
- Late maturers