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. 2022 Mar 29;219(5):e20211805. doi: 10.1084/jem.20211805

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© 2022 Chen et al.

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Figure 6. — Ly49E⁺ ILC1s play a role in the host defense against MCMV infection during early life. (A and B) Schematic showing the experimental design used for MCMV infections in neonatal mice within 3 d of age (A). Percentages and GMFI of GzmB, perforin, or IFN-γ expressed by Ly49E⁺ or Ly49E⁻ ILC1s derived from neonatal mice at different time points after infection with MCMV-eGFP (B). Data presented for each time point are representative of at least three independent experiments with n = 3–5 mice. (C) Representative images of the intact liver of neonatal WT and Tbx21^−/− mice 0.5 dpi with MCMV-eGFP; scale bar = 100 μm. (D and E) egfp expression (D) and viral copies (E) in the livers of neonatal Tbx21^−/− and WT mice were measured 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 dpi with MCMV-eGFP. Data are pooled from two independent experiments with n = 4–12 mice per group. (F and G) 1–1.5 × 10⁵ neonatal Ly48E⁺ or Ly49E⁻ ILC1s were transferred into neonatal Tbx21^−/− mice 1 d before MCMV-eGFP infection. Liver viral copies were measured 3.5 dpi (F). Data were pooled from three independent experiments with n = 9–12 mice per group. Survival of neonatal Tbx21^−/− mice that received Ly49E⁺ or Ly49E⁻ ILC1s followed by MCMV infection (G). Data are pooled from three independent experiments with n = 7–14 mice per group. (H and I) Neonatal Klra5^DTR mice were administered DT 10 h before MCMV-eGFP infection. Liver viral copies were measured 3.5 dpi. MCMV-infected Klra5^DTR littermates and DT-treated WT mice were as controls (H). Data were pooled from three independent experiments with n = 6–26 mice per group. Survival of neonatal Klra5^DTR mice were shown (I). Data are pooled from two independent experiments with n = 9 mice per group. (J) Viral titers in the livers of neonatal Ncr1^Cre/+Eomes ^fl/fl and Eomes ^fl/fl mice were measured 3.5 dpi with MCMV-eGFP. Data are pooled from three independent experiments with n = 11–16 mice per group. Bar graphs show the mean ± SEM; two-way ANOVA was used in B, D, and E, one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test in F and H, unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test in J, and log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test in G and I; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001.