Table 2.

Summary of epigenetic modifications in glia-related genes implicated in schizophrenia

Author	Symbol	Gene name	Gene annotation	Epigenetic modification	Regulation	SCZ	HC	Subgroup	Tissue	Region	Ethnic group/race
Kordi-Tamandani et al., 2014[27]	GSTP1	GSTP1: Glutathione S-transferase pi 1	Promoter	Significant DNA hypermethylationA	Putative↓	80	71	SCZ	PBC	Iran	Presumably Persians
	GSTT1	Glutathione S-transferase theta 1	Promoter	Significant DNA hypermethylationA
Venugopal et al., 2018[28]	IL6	Interleukin 6	Putative promoter	Significant DNA hypomethylationB	↑	47	47	Drug-naïve SCZ patients	PBC	India	Presumably Kannadigas
Ding et al., 2016[26]	RGS4-1	Regulator of G protein signaling 4 splice variant 1	Putative promoter	No significant DNA methylationC	↓	35	35	SCZ	DLPFC	United States	Caucasian (97.14%) Native Americans (1.42%) Hispanic (1.42%)
Iwamoto et al., 2005[29]	SOX10	SRY-box transcription factor 10	Body	Increased percentage of the methylated alleleB	↓	13	15	SCZ	PFC	United States	Presumably Caucasian
Bönsch et al., 2012[30]			Promoter	Significant relative DNA hypermethylation (promoter)D	-	20	8	Discordant twins for SCZ	PBC	Germany	Presumably Caucasian
Wu et al., 2020[31]	ZNF804A	Zinc finger protein 804A	3′-UTR	MiR-148b-3p directly targeted ZNF804A mRNA	↓	44	44	SCZ	PBC	China	Han Chinese

^AMSP; ^BBisulfite sequencing; ^CBSP; ^DMSRE. SCZ – Schizophrenia; HC – Healthy controls; DLPFC – Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; PBC – Peripheral blood cells; ↑ – Increased; ↓ – Decreased; PCR – Polymerase chain reaction; MSP – Methylation-specific PCR; BSP – Bisulfite sequencing PCR; MSRE – Methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme