Table 3.
Evaluation of Evidence Base of Included Studies
| Study | QI absolute coding | QI weighted coding | Method. sound (≥80%) | n | Experimental design | Effect size calculated | Effect (with ≥3 participants) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allen et al.46 | 5.0 | 6.33 | No | 3 | ABCAC withdrawal design | No | — |
| Allen et al.47 | 5.0 | 5.83 | No | 3 | AB design | No | — |
| Allen et al.48 | 5.0 | 5.83 | No | 4 | MBD across participants | No | — |
| *Alexander et al.62 | 7.0 | 7.50 | Yes | 7 | MP across participants | Yes | Neutral or mixed |
| *Bennett et al.63 | 7.0 | 7.50 | Yes | 5 | ATD | Yes | Positive |
| *Bereznak et al.50 | 8.0 | 8.00 | Yes | 3 | MP across behaviors | Yes | Positive |
| *Bross et al.61 | 7.0 | 7.50 | Yes | 1 | MBD across behaviors | Yes | — |
| Burke et al.49 | 4.0 | 5.97 | No | 4 | MBD across participants | No | — |
| *Cihak and Schrader51 | 7.0 | 7.50 | Yes | 4 | ATD | Yes | Positive |
| *Cullen et al.54 | 7.0 | 7.50 | Yes | 1 | MP across tasks and participants | Yes | — |
| English et al.55 | 5.0 | 6.33 | No | 3 | MP across skills | No | — |
| *Goh and Bambara56 | 7.0 | 7.50 | Yes | 1 | MP across participants | Yes | — |
| *Kellems and Morningstar57 | 7.0 | 7.50 | Yes | 4 | MP across behaviors | Yes | Positive |
| Mackey and Nelson58 | 4.0 | 6.13 | No | 2 | MP across participants | No | — |
| Rausa et al.59 | 4.0 | 5.33 | No | 1 | MBD across behaviors | No | — |
| Van Laarhoven, et al.34 | 5.0 | 6.00 | No | 4 | Nonequivalent dependent variable design | No | — |
| *Van Laarhoven, et al.35 | 7.0 | 7.50 | Yes | 2 | Multiple treatments with reversal design | Yes | — |
| *Van Laarhoven, et al.60 | 6.0 | 7.17 | Yes | 1 | MP across tasks | Yes | — |
| Van Laarhoven, et al.52 | 4.0 | 5.83 | No | 4 | Modified pre/post-test control group design | No | — |
| *Yakubova and Taber-Doughty53 | 7.0 | 7.50 | Yes | 4 | MP across participants | Yes | Positive |
*
Studies included in the meta-analysis.
ATD, alternating treatments design; MBD, multiple baseline design; Method, methodologically; MP, multiple probe; n, autistic participants; QI, quality indicator; VM, video modeling.