Table 1.

Descriptive statistics and bivariate correlations.

	M/%	SD	1.	2.	3.	4.	5.	6.	7.	8.	9.	10.	11.	12.	13.	14.	15.
1. Prenatal Substance Exposure	.07	.12	1
2. Socioeconomic Adversity	.56	.22	.23**	1
3. Non-biological care (% ever in NBC)	31.5%		.28**	.20**	1
4. Maternal Race (% minority)	84.2%		.01	.29**	.13+	1
5. Maternal Exposure to Violence	64.2%		−.13+	−.06	−.08	−.01	1
6. Child Aggression 18 to 48 months (MR)	2.96	1.69	.07	.04	−.06	.06	.13+	1
7. Child Exposure to Violence (K – MR) (% exposed)	33.1%		.04	.14+	.11	.01	.18*	.19*	1
8. Child Aggression (K – TR BASC)	4.86	5.77	.18*	.15+	.09	.17*	.04	.18*	.12	1
9. Child Aggression/Defiance (K – TR SNAP)	2.51	3.30	.15+	.13	.06	.24*	.09	.11	.09	.85**	1
10. Classroom Problem Behavior (K – OBS)	8.76	9.75	.03	.05	.13	.17*	.05	.05	.09	.44**	.50**	1
11. Bully Perpetration (EA - CR)	1.19	.35	.15+	.07	.03	.18*	.04	.19*	.12	.34**	.23**	.08	1
12. Bully Victimization (EA-CR)	1.32	.46	.04	.02	.06	.10	−.01	.10	.13	−.01	−.01	.10	.38**	1
13. Power/Safety Attitudes (EA-CR)	4.09	2.31	.12	.10	.13	.05	−.01	−.06	.13	.03	−.02	.07	.16+	.04	1
14. Aggressive Response to Shame Attitudes (EA-CR)	4.18	3.67	.09	.19*	.09	.19*	−.02	.06	.20*	.12	.11	.12	.30**	.31**	.18*	1
15. Comfort with Aggression Attitudes (EA-CR)	2.72	2.86	.15+	−.14+	.04	−.12	.02	.01	−.01	.14	.16+	.24**	.02	−.06	−.10	−.09	1

Descriptive Statistics and Bivariate Correlations

Note. NBC = Non-biological care; MR = mother report; K = kindergarten; TR = teacher report; OBS = observation; EA = early adolescence; CR = child report. Maternal race coded 0 = Caucasian, 1 = minority. Sample sizes for correlations ranged from n = 126 to 216.

⁺p < .10

^*p < .05

^**p < .01